Traditional And Contemporary Japanese Graphic Design Cultural Studies Essay

Traditional And Contemporary Nipp anese bright Design Cultural Studies EssayThis could be just a regular day in japan kimonos and mobile ph stars, tralatitious ceremonies finis at fast food restaurants, ex framesive branded handbags, and tot al onenessy jam-packed trains. (Kozak Wied cosmos, p. 16) lacquer has un stopingly been a progressive p prowess of the e wileh. Not solo in the field of pictural forge, exclusively as well as in advert gen datelly, in technological offset, in science etc. They countenance constantly been and continuously leave be one step forward from the westerly origination. We gouge scarce guess why it happened and when it st impostureistryed. The result of what kind of twine could lead to such exceptional anomaly? It might be hea pastish aspects the Nipponese flori gloss is one of the kind, whimsical and well-nigh pickups indescribable. You faecal matter non find allthing identical or even a deal in any other culture in the wo rld. It always contains gargantuan spiritual message. It might be a unanimity, which is the to the highest degree respectable value in lacquer in virtually all spheres of activity. Maybe it is the other way of lore things, antithetic manpowertality, which is base on p arnting and surroundings and that in turn creates diverse individual disposition and helps to build face of society in general. All of the above bring in chain links where are one depends on a nonher and both each of them influence one other. (Kozak Wiedman, pp. 15-22)I was always admi chromatic by the Nipponese progression and it always providential me not however in a creative way hardly also in a way of careerstyle. This pushed me to choose the theme of my dissertation Contemporary japanese Graphic Design is direct extension of Japanese Prints (Ukiyo-e) of the end of 18th the first of 19th coulomb.I st deviceed to think if the contemporary Japanese graphic formulate is inspired and influenced by old examples of Traditional Japanese art. How mystic is this inlet and how Japanese people themselves perceive the progression of image, because for the western mentality it is slightlything unthinkable extraordinary and thoughtual? It is all in allsome know that the respect for the conventional Japanese dodge among mechanics not only in Japan, but all oer the world is truly deep, but for Japanese society it is extreme. And it is grabn in or so of the contemporary graphic radiation diagram pieces deep appreciation and honor to be a part of it. (Kozak Wiedman, pp. 15-22)Further I will try to dissolver questions to describe the current situation in relative to the intuition of the tralatitiousistic graphics and contemporary graphic blueprint study history of traditional Japanese graphic design, critically analyze it try to understand the approximately signifi mountaint aspects of life and try to grasp the essence of themes graphics and the primary(prenominal) streams and details in the paintings of artists choose deuce traditional artists who worked in polar genres and critically analyze their life and work study evolution of contemporary graphic design and identify main(prenominal)stream chose the sphere of the graphic design which to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) correspond to traditional Japanese graphics choose some(prenominal) designers who coiffe in genre of graphic design investigate their life and deeds ilkn contemporary graphic design with traditional Japanese prints and notice influence and understand how current designers are inspired by Japanese old prints and techniques how deep is this influenceIn my dissertation I will try to prove that the alike a shot designers from Japan are real a great deal influenced and inspired by the workings of traditional graphic artists and that this influence is very deep and broad or I will refute this fact. memorial of Japanese Traditions and culture.Until modern generation, the Japanese wrote with the brush rather than a pen and their familiarity with brush techniques has made them pickyly sensitive to cougarly values. They erect inscribe a much less sympathetic medium for artistic expression. (Pioch, 2002)Japanese art started to develop sometime in the tenth millennium BC. For the abundant period of time, Japanese managed to develop the ability to absorb and assimilate diametrical elements of foreign cultures which accommodate been brought from the continent. They succeeded not only to implement these specific features in their own culture, but also to create radical, base on their companionship from this contact. (Pioch, 2002)Buddhism had a Dramatic wedge on Japanese culture and traditions. It was presentationduced to Japan by run shorters and visitors of China and Korea. Together with religion several art techniques as the design of pottery and metal vases, more than advanced methods of casting in bronze and also sweet tech niques and mediums for paintings were brought from continent. The religion became a very alpha factor in contact and relationships between Japan, Korea, China and whole Asiatic continent. (Hooker, 1996 Pioch, 2002)First Ukiyo-e emerged in the middle of the 17 century in the city named capital of Japan, which is now turned into farthermost-famed and eccentric capital of Japan. Everything was concentrated in Edo politics, art, religion, this city was a centre of Japanese development. The Japanese art has always been characterized by unique polarities simple content of images and a very deep and controversial meaning. The main topic of art in that period were pleasures of life, in fact the whole name of the art stream Ukiyo-e bottomland be understand as range of a functions of the floating world. As the art at that era was the prerogative of the upper class which drive fall out afford to buy certain paintings the artists themselves wanted the lower classes to be involved in t he art life of the society. So, the special technique was introduced in Japan that time. The woodblock prints were very familiar and trashy so, anyone could buy them. The essence of woodblock prints laid in the copying of original art work with the help of woodcuts, and that is why it is called Japanese prints. unrivalled of the virtually outstanding and popular motif of art at that time was an image of soldier and war theme. The popularity of this flow started from Onin war, which took place between years of 1466 and 1467 and was one of the most devastating civil wars in 15th century.During the 16th century the mod historical order was established in Japan by cardinal misfires of the country Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who started an early Modern Age in Japan. In art this time period is called Momoyama period.The main motifs of traditional Japanese art which started to fall out in Momoyama art period were landscapes paintings, images of flowers and animals in diff erent season of the year, scenes from every day city life, the outlines of historical events, unusual views of famous places, tea-houses visits, geishas images, motif of bijin-ga which good deal be encrypted as portraits of splendiferous women, erotic pictures and also a severe demand for scenes of brothels and theaters was touched in the paintings. genius of the most well-known entertainments for exoteric was theatre where the Kabuki performance was held. Kabuki means song-dance-art and it was opened by Izumo no Okuni. Kabuki was presented by men in kimonos who danced in traditional style for Japan. This performance was very popular among public and generated Kabuki-mono dance. This trend was copied by prostitutes who danced on the street and in the brothels to overstretch new clients. With time Kabuki-mono dance became an art, and upper class prostitutes and courtesans, who owned this art to perfection, could be very expensive. This trend generated with time the new flow, o nly Geishas keister perform the Kabuki-mono dance and only them had a right to do that. This phenomenon had a heavy impact on artists and at that period the pictures of geishas, courtesans and Kabuki dance actors became very popular stream which stayed in the Japanese art for several centuries. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 10-36)UTAMARO KITAGAWA 1753-1806.The man who loved women this was Kitawaga Utamaro. It would be hard to think of an artist more tone on the opposite sex. Or one who left more images of women working, wating, organisation their faces, combing their hair, readying themselves for the day performance (or the nights trade) or simple thinking, feeling, watch Laure Cumming (Guardian in the buffs and Media Limited, 2010)There are not much known facts or so Utamaro, he was born around 1753 probably in province named Musashi. after(prenominal) his fix death, young artist go to Edo. After some time in year 1775 he joined the studio of a painter Seiken, who might be his relati ve. He stayed thither for 7 years.In year 1780 he was discovered by a leading publisher at that time Tsutaya Juzaburo, who severalized his talent and entranced him to Yoshiwara, which at that time was a rendezvous for artists and poets.Two years later Utamaro signed the contract with Juzaburo and together they promulgated several word of honor illustrations, which made Kitagawa famous At the aforementioned(prenominal)(p) time he changed his name from his original name Ichitaro Kitagawa to Utamaro Kitagawa and under this name he became popular (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230 Artelino GmbH, 2010).His style became completed and built only in 1790s. He had conquered the field of Ukiyo-e with his bejin-gas. In 1793 Utamaro started to work on his most famous erotic graphics paintings of women from Yoshivwara (Glenn, 2010). He was truly inspired by female person body Kiyonga graceful and elegant female type, which he skirt with a mist of eroticism.Utamaro was one of a kind his style was unique he was the very first artist that time who started to picture women more possible, without evasiveness (Artelino GmbH, 2010).His works contain very good piece of music, golden command techniques he used silver and gold powder and different paintings styles in his art works (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230). Utamaro was a master of half-tones his colors run from black and washcloth to all shades of grey, umber, soft ochre and plum. It is come acrossms, he was dreaming magical spell painting. He played with silhouettes shadows illusions and reality. The way Kitagawa portrayed prostitutes and courtesans is contains as much arrogance as his portraits of aristocrats (Guardian News and Media Limited, 2010). Even thought he portrayed his women more realistic than any artist ahead, he liked to likinglize them. His women are taller and slimmer than they really were. Indeed his graphic painters looked like nowadays fashion magazine photos (Artelino GmbH, 2010).One of the most meanin gful and important works of his life was a pillow-book E-hon Utamakura published in year 1788. It is said to be the most educate work of an erotic graphic at that time in Japan.Utamara was the most successful and well-known author of the beautiful women motifs. He showed women with deep sensibility and respect as no one before him. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 200-230)KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI (1760-1849).From the age of hexad I had a mania for drawing the shapes of things. When I was fifty I had published a universe of designs, but all I bring on done before the age of seventy is not worth bothering with. At seventy five Ill have learned something of the recitation of nature, of animals, of plants, of trees, birds, look for and insects. When I am eighty you will see real progress. At ninety I shall have cut my way deeply in to the mystery of life itself. At a hundred I shall be a marvelous artist. At a hundred and ten everything I create a dot, a line, will jump to life as never before. To all of you, who are going to live as long, as I do, I promise to keep my word. I am committal to constitution this in my old age. I used to call myself Hokosai, but now I sign myself The Old Man Mad to the highest degree Drawing. Katsushika Hokusai (Andreas.com, 2010)One of the greatest artists of the Japanese prints was born on 12 of October in 1760 in the city of Edo, which is now known as city of capital of Japan. History did not tell us anything virtually his real parents, in age of 3, Katsushika was adopted by Nakajime Ise, mirror maker (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178). Work of his new father include paintings and design around mirrors, and this was a real inspiration for small Hokusai and pushed him well-nigh to art. During his artistic life, he changed his name at least 30 times probably it was a trend for artists of that time (Katsushikahokusai.org, 2010).Small Katsushika started to pain in age of 6 years old, in age of 12 his father send him to work in the public library, whe re he was reading a lot and where he firstly was introduced to Ukiyo-e, Japanese prints. In 1775 Hokusai started to study at the art school of Katsukawa Shunsho, who had been a master of ukiyo-e (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178). He spent about 19 years in this art studio, after what, he was open fire because he started to face another art school, called Kano, and that was a well known fact. Later he had changed his school again and again, and each time he had been choosing a new name (Glenn, 2010).His first work was published in 1779, it was a picture of actor, he published it under the name Shumo, and leash years after his first big project appeared, it were illustrations of the book-novel.During his studying he was very inspired by European art and, what is more important by Chinese historical art and after, he was known like a Japans expert on Chinese paintings.One of the most well known of his works is woodblock print series Thirty-six Views of Mount fuji cherry (1831), where we c an found most famous and recognized in the whole world print called The Great Wave of Kanagawa, which was produced during the 1820 (Katsushikahokusai.org, 2010). World know this series as a thirty six illustration work, but originally, before the series were published author included ten more prints.In his work all spectrum of Ukiyo-e art can be found picture books, books of anecdotes, erotic books, individual prints, surimono, illustrations of verse and historical romances, paintings, sketches etc. (Japanese prints). Katsushika passed outside after a very productive life he left more than 30000 works which included woodblocks prints, silk paintings, erotic illustrations, picture books, sketches, manga and travel illustrations (Andreas.com, 2010). His bearing of work is known to be as a very realistic one his main themes were everyday life, people in nature life, animals, nature, plants, landscapes and fab scenes.Katsushika was a very productive and active person this can be seen though his art work and paintings. During his life he had changed his home more than 93 times, he was married twice, become a father of several children. Hokusai brought a new greatness to Ukiyo-e art (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178).CONTEMPRORY GRAPHIC DESIGN introGraphic design has been introduced to our everyday life long time ago, so song we cant even see it now. Everything we are surrounded with television, advertising, internet, weathervane pages, faces of the companies, packaging and more is a graphic design, we live in it, we surrounded by it, we cannot imaging our life without it. Japan is probably a midst of this circle, of contemporary graphic design life. Many mainstreams of contemporary graphic design are coming from Japan. It is Mecca for some graphic designers. Here you can found the most bold and bright ways of introducing graphic design to life.Tokyo is seen from abroad as a gigantic bright and never-sleeping city. As Japan itself for foreigners it is a mystery and un predictability, which they could never found at home. Everything in Japan exists in a form of harmonized polarity. And this kind of polarity can be found not only in graphic design and art, but in everyday life. Because of island situation, Japan is very hard to see with your own eyes and ever harder to discover. Japan is a country of contact, where everything happens simultaneously. Japanese traditional culture is originally based on a simplicity, harmony and sensitivity, which is based on the respect for balance, the perfect example for that would be the Japanese language itself the hieroglyphs, which combine all the features so important not only for the Japanese culture but what is more meaningful for the people of Japan. akin simplicity can be seen in traditional Japanese art forms as Kabuki mono dance, and Ukiyo-e woodcut graphic prints. In contrast there is another flow which is very popular in Japan nowadays bright, colorful, brush and busy style, mainly influenced by Mang a comic books and Anime alive(p) movies. The existing and use of four different languages in speaking and writing in Japanese culture make the possibilities of combination of different symbols far more richer for Japanese designers than for any others. (KozakWiedman, pp. 15-22)KENYA HARA 1958.Design is like a issue of a tree. In product design vehicles and refrigerators are the proceeds. Design functions from the posture of how to produce a good fruit. If you look at the tree from some distance, you see next to the tree that bears the fruit and then the soil in which the tree stands. Important to the whole process of creation good fruit is the condition of the soil. Kenya Hara (The Designers Review of Books, 2009)Kenya Hara was born in 1958 in Tokyo, he represents new generation of designers born in post World War two periods in Japan and raised in the 1960-1970 when the nation transformed from a heavily militaristic Asian society with feudal roots in to a new developing power of the world (Dezeen, 2010).Kenya Hara is not only a great graphic designer, but more importantly he is a thinker, philosopher and orator. According to his words, the main aim of design is not design itself, but a concept and perception. Before created something, you have to understand and see what are the reasons and functions and features of what is supposed to be created (Theme Magazine, 2008).From the root of his art career he was searching for the meaning and purpose of his work. He wanted to find his design methodology which would define his design life and he recently found his life principles. He claims that his methodology is inspired by traditional graphics of Japanese masters of Japanese prints Ukiyo-e (Core77, Inc., 2010). He incorporated traditional Japanese art culture to contemporary graphic design through his works. One of many another(prenominal) examples would be the designing of Nagano Winter Olympics opening and closing ceremonies, where he tried to show the e ssence beauty and spirit of Japanese culture to those who came abroad of forget about their roots (Moleskine, 2010).Kenya developed his unique methodology, which is based on notions of vanity, minimalism, escapist colours and archaic form. He advocates simplicity in design, and most of his work is done exclusively in white colour, he insists that White is a colour, from which colour has escaped, but its diversity is boundless. According to him, the emptiness in design is dramatic in contrast with western perception of this idea Japanese would argue that emptiness is a chance for chance it is not defined and this concept goes far deep into Buddhism and Zen concept (Core77, Inc., 2010 Bigin Japan 2010).One of the greatest examples of his perception of art is his book published 2007 Designing Design, which is the translation into English of his book Design of Design, which was published in Japan in 2003 and received several Awards (Moleskine, 2010). One of the main purposes of tran slating this book into English was according to the author to show and introduce unique Japanese culture and its concepts to Western world and to bring closer Western world to Japan.Now Kenya Hara is a professor at the Musashino Art University in Tokyo and Art Director of Muji (a brand with no-brand policy) since 2002. He is interested in travel and deepening his concept of perception, so he can bring those new ideas into his art work.YAYOI KUSAMA 1929.One day I was looking at the red flower patterns of the tablecloth on the table and when I looked up, I saw the same pattern covering the ceiling, the windows, and the walls, and finally all over the room, my body and the universe. I felt as if I had began to self-obliterate, to revolve in the infinity of endless time and the absoluteness of space, and be reduced to nothingness. As I know it was actually happening and not just in my imagination, I was panic-stricken Yayoi Kusama (McShane Eliason, 2010)She was born on 22 of March in 1929 in Matsumoto city in Japan (Gagosian Gallery, 2010). According to her words, her mother was extremely violent and scorned to see her painting, she beat her almost every day and destroyed many of her first paintings. Yayoi started to see hallucinations since she was ten years old and that was the time she started to paint. She ran away from her family to study art in Kyoto, but she found her school to right out of touch with reality of modern art. So, she did not really attend classes, she used to paint in dormitory instead (Bomb Magazine, 2010). She also canvass Nihonga panting rigorous formal style developed during the Meiji period (1868-1912) ( Gagosian Gallery, 2010 ).At the same period of her life she began to receive psychiatric treatment. In one of her interviews, Yayoi claims that she tried to cure her disease by translating her hallucinations and fear of hallucinations into paintings (Bomb Magazine, 2010).In 1957 Kusama moved to New York, where she started a new lif e. She stayed in USA for next 10 years and was broadly recognized as genius artist not only among critics and colleagues, but also she was rediscovered by public (Kusama, 2007). She produced astonishing chip of works among them we can found not only paintings, but also sculptures, collages, photo-collages, installations, performances, graphic design, fashion design and even film. She could not be defined as artist of particular style or rubric, as she does not fit in any of the categories. Many connoisseurs of art tried to chuck her in categories like pop art, minimalism, post minimalism etc., but she is everything and nothing, she is unique (The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1998).The pumpkins and flowers are one of her iconic motifs, which she likes to paint using polka dots and nets. She was often called by paparazzi while living in New York trip the light fantastic Dot girl (Switchedonart.com, 2010 Gagosian Gallery, 2010).Main themes of her works have always been Infinity, partly due to her disease, which she has been postulateing all of her life, and partly due to her doctrine of art and life. Philosophy, which is in my opinion had been influenced by traditional Japan philosophy, Japan culture and mentality. All of this surrounded her since her childhood and had a huge impact on her life and art work, even if she does not want to recognize this fact. In one of her interviews she said that she has never been influenced and inspired by anything, but in practice it is almost impossible as the whole world affect us and our creativity (Kusama, 2007 Bomb Magazine, 2010).In year 1973 Yayoi returned to Japan. Since then she is living in hospital, still creating unique pieces of art and trying to fight her disease (The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1998).COMPARING.To prove my initial argument about inspiration of contemporary graphic design artists of Japan by traditional Japanese masterpieces Ukiyo-e from end of 18th beginning of 19th century I decided to compare work of Katsushika Hokusai 36 views of mount fuji The southeastern pilfer Dispels the Clouds and work of Kenya Hara MUJI Horizon (Uyuni Salt Lake poster).36 views of mount Fuji by Hokusai Katsushika is a series of woodblock prints where the Fuji Mountain is portrayed from different viewpoints. The particular painting I have chosen is named The South Wind Dispels the Clouds it is regarded not only as Hokusais masterpiece, but the masterpiece of art among all Japanese woodcut prints. The mountain on this picture symbolized tranquility, equanimity, spirituality, stability, harmony, balance as the mountain is still and the life around it flows without stresses and live all problems and questions behind. You can find there place without fear and doubts you can find your nous up in the mountain. Hokusai creates a mist of soft clouds which are dispelled by the wind as a symbol of the disappearance of all the rectangular thought and lives you in a state of meditation. The arti st uses soft delicate colour and russet tones to high light the softness of clouds. The simple sloped composition with a lot of space around mountain personifies the main idea of a picture harmony and emptiness as an idea of endless possibilities. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 99-109)The project Muji horizon by Kenya Hara is a series of posters which took the artist to the Mongolian prairies and Bolivian salt lakes, where photographer Tamotsu Fujii captured these memorable billboard images of emptiness and gap. And this idea of emptiness and possibility is a design philosophy of Kenya Hara. I have chosen this work because it is also a series like 36 views of mount Fuji by Hokusai Katsushika. In this poster we can find a small figure on an empty landscape as symbol of a soul seeking for harmony and balance. As if in the work of Hokusai you already have found the balance and tranquility, but on the poster of Kenya Hara you are on the way to that calmness and harmony. The composition is again very simple and static as on the 36 views of mount Fuji, but it is horizontal, and the presence of space is valuable. The idea of emptiness and possibility is very important to Hara and comparing these two works we can defiantly say that Hara is inspired by the philosophy and work of traditional Japanese art masters. (Dezeen, 2010)To prove my argument I also would like to compare two other works, which are in contrast are not that obviously alike.For my second analyses I have chosen cleaning woman compete a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro and The Polka Dots by Yayoi Kusama. fair sex Playing a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro.We can see, like almost always, beautiful women playing on Poppin, which was obviously some traditional Japan musical instrument. Woman has a typical Japan face, hair and dress, which is portrayed with using a pattern. Woman is showed to us in normal everyday life. The composition is simple and steep we can see just a woman, nothing more without any other details. It is very harmoniously. The drapery of dress softly creates a nice, arch line. The face is very calm and is portrayed in very easy way, just line. The line is very important in this kind of prints. I think, by the idea of artist, the first thing you see is a pattern and dress and only later the face. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230)On picture by Yayoi Kusama The Polka Dots we can see self-portrait where she is using a pattern of polka dots everywhere, on wall, on chair, even to her dress to show that same pattern unifies everything together into one seamless and harmonious element. It is her obsession, same like an obsession of Utamaro with beautiful women bijin ga and with patterns too, which he used on dresses and not just on them. We can see calm and peaceful expression of her face, like on Utamaros woman. The composition is very similar too, it is simply and vertical. In the work by Yayoi Kusama we can also see the line as a one of the main structural elements on the picture, but in contrast with Utamaros picture it is hidden within the dance of polka dots. As on the Woman Playing a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro, in the work of Kusama first we see the pattern and only later we recognize the face of the lady presented on the picture. So, it is seem like Yoayami was somehow inspired by Japanese traditional art. May be it is not that obvious like in the Kenyas Hara works but probably she was also inspired by the traditional Japanese prints, and even though it is hard to see the spirit of tradition can be found in her so modern and Pop art works. (Kusama, 2007)CONCLUSION.In the process of the research I have deepen my knowledge about history of Japan, culture, traditions, Japanese traditional art and Japanese Prints of 18-19 century Ukiyo-e. I have discovered amazing Japanese painters, found out more about their life, career, work, habits, obsessions and art path. One of the most entertaining separate of my work has been exploring different techniques and methods, w hich were used by the painters in Japan. In the process of my study I learned what were the main themes and trends which were popular among painters of Ukiyo-e in the end of 18th century and beginning of 19th century.The same I can say about the second part of my study. I discovered many talented and sophisticated contemporary Japanese designers and other artists. I have become acquainted with a lot of new names in the field of contemporary graphic design, with their art works. From this long list of interest artists and designers I have chosen two absolutely different creators. I was introduced to the new beautiful complicated astonishing world of their ideas and philosophy. In particular I was amazed by the works, ideas and concepts of Kenya Hara, which are very close to my perception of perfect concept for the successful, functional and outstanding design. This person has become one of my tutors not only in my creative life, but also in my life path.As a conclusion of my work I w ould like to express my opinion on the inspiration of contemporary graphic designers by the traditional Japanese art. I was convinced by all the facts that the traditional Japanese masterpieces as Japanese history culture and religion have huge impact on the inspiration and creativity of contemporary graphic designers. I am sure that many of Japanese designers are inspired by the traditional art and philosophy, consciously or unconsciously. And even if some of them would not admit it we still can find a bad elements and more in the techniques, using of colour, motifs, themes and etc.Nowadays in the beginning of 21 century we are still admired and inspired by old master pieces, their perfection, deep meaning and philosophical question which are raised in them.So, how the contemporary graphic design would look like in a 22 century when artists would be inspired by us, and if they would?