Dantes Inferno Essay -- essays papers

Dantes Inferno In The Inferno, by Dante many of the sinners punishments are questionable to the sins theyve committed. Like Dante, one feels bulky pity for many of the sinners that exist in all of the levels of Hell. Many of their retributions see much too severe for some of the sins that just dont seem that dire. Francesca and Paolo di Rimini have no control over the love that develops between the two of them, but are forced to spend eternity in the Second electrical circuit of Hell. The sinners in this area of Hell, the lustful, experience an eternity of torrential rain fall and extremely powerful winds, which toss the souls of these sinners throughout the air. After reading of Lancelot and Guinevere both Francesca and Paolo advance that theyre situation is just like theirs. Francesca does begin having an affair with her maintains younger, better-looking brother but how could either of the two resist a feeling like that? Lust, yeah its selfish, and maybe it hurts o thers but if one doesnt give in to its lustful feelings that they too may get hurt. Her husband take...

Hate Crime Laws: Are They Constitutional? Essay -- essays research pap

Are hate crime penalty enforcement laws constitutional?Thats Gay. If you are around teenagers today, that is a phrase you will most likely hear very often. It is not necessarily meant as a homophobic or hate-filled remark, and most of the time it is referring to an object, an idea, or a conversation things that obviously have no sexual orientation. But now, according to a bill passed by the senate, it could or so be considered a hate crime. Many people support the widening of hate crime laws, assuming that with stricter penalties, the crimes will lessen. In June, 2004, Senate passed a bill that receive a record number of votes, passing 65-33, including 18 Republicans voting yes. The measure will add sexual orientation, gender and disability to the list of motives that provide for enhance federal prosecution of a violent crime against a person (Lochhead). The current hate crimes law, which originated during the civil rights movement of the 1960s when many Southern states failed to pursue assaults on African Americans, includes crimes motivated by hatred based on race, color, religion, and national origin. Many see this as a step forward, but there are some who think it is unconstitutional. Religious groups argue that "It advances the radical, well publicized agenda of homosexuals to gain acceptance for, and legal recognition of, homosexuality as a normal lifestyle" (Toalston). So whos right? Should there be a separate category for crimes committed to minorities? Shouldnt all crimes be treated just as serious as another? I believe that the categorizing of crimes into Hate Crimes is just further segregating people because of their differences, and that paying more serious attending to crimes committed on minorities is sending a bad message to those who are in the majority.     First off, many people perceive hate crime perpetrators as crazed neo-Nazis or "skinheads". However, most hate crimes are carried out by otherwise law-abiding citizens who see little wrong with their actions. Alcohol and drugs sometimes help fuel these crimes, but the main determinant appears to be personal prejudice. New FBI data shows that the number of hate crimes reported in 2003 increased slightly, from 7,462 in 2002 to 7,489 in 2003. The 7,489 hate crime incidents reported to the FBI in 2003 involved 8,715 separate offense... ...will continue to believe that the widening of the classifications of hate crimes is just a way to bear certain people happy and to make them feel safe, while it really only further separates people who are viewed as different. Hopefully, sometime in the earnest future, we will figure out how to reach the Ku Klux Klan and other hate groups of the world and prevent them from harming others. But I can tell you right now, that will not be accomplished by passing any bills that include the word victim, because it proves itself that its too late to help.BibliographyLochhead, Carolyn - Senate OKs bil l including gays as hate crime victims The San      Francisco Chronicle, June 16, 2004Toalston, artwork Baptist agency lists 10 Reasons to oppose hate crimes legislationThe Baptist Press, July 2 CivilRights.org - New FBI Data Reports Increase in Hate Crimes November 17, 2004http//www.civilrights.org/issues/hate/details.cfm?id=26241APA.org - Hate Crimes Today An Age-Old opponent In Modern Dress     http//www.apa.org/pubinfo/hate/www.fbi.gov Uniform Crime Reports     http//www.fbi.gov/ucr/ucr.htm

Genetic Engineering in Agriculture Essay -- Farming Genes Science Essa

Genetic Engineering in AgricultureWhoever could make both ears of corn, or two blades of grass rear upon a spot of ground where only one grew before would deserve better of Mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together. -The King of Brobdingnag, Gullivers Travels by Jonathan Swift, 17271IntroductionGenetically engineered foods are the rage of the day for farmers across the world. Farmers are able to grow larger, tastier, more colorful foods that are more readily available and attractive to consumers. At the same time, farmers actually realize been saving money because their crops are at present more resistant to drought, frost, insect infestations, and bruising during transportation to markets. How does this work you ask....genetically modified foods. With the worlds population growing at a rate that earths resources simply cant support naturally, scientific intervention has become and will become even more inevitable . Feeding the worlds hungry is becoming a more difficult problem to deal with workaday as the populations in unfarmable locations grow to sizes that cannot be supported by the current world food supply. My only question is Will food or water supply run out first?BackgroundFor thousands of geezerhood 2, humans have been selecting the seeds of plants with certain desirable genetic traits to plant the following years crop. For years upon years, growers have identified and cultivated useful plant variants through selective breeding and environmental alterations. Corn, as it is known today, is nothing like it was a thousand years ago. Gregor Mendel, the Father of Genetics, wrote his first major paper on genetics in 1865 where he puts into words wha... ...cannot be predicted, but we should do our best to carry a species when possible. Let us feed the world with caution for the environment, morality and humanity.Bibliography1. Plant Physiology, C.S. Prakash May 2001, Volume 12 6, pp. 8-15 (no link)2. Transgenic Crops, History of Plant Breeding http//www.colostate.edu/programs/lifesciences/TransgenicCrops/history.html3. Websters Dictionary (online) http//dictionary.reference.com/ seem?q=transgenic4. The Scientist, Using Transgenesis to Create Salt-Tolerant Plants, Ricki Lewis March 2002 http//www.the-scientist.com/yr2002/mar/research1_020304.html (To use this link you will have to use a registered email, use wmeissnerscu.edu)5. Pew Initiative on victuals and Biotechnology, August 2003 http//pewagbiotech.org/resources/issuebriefs/geneflow.pdf

Free Grapes of Wrath Essays: Steinbecks Political Agenda :: Grapes Wrath essays

Political Agenda in The Grapes of Wrath The Grapes of Wrath is a movie that was originally a novel by derriere Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930s live. The movie tells of i family that migrates west to California through the great economic depression of the 1930s.  The Joad family had to abandon their position and their livelihoods.  They had to uproot and set adrift because tractors were rapidly industrializing their farms along with the erosion of topsoil to create "the Dust Bowl".  The bank took possession of their land because the owners could not bear off their loan.  The movie shows how the Joad family deals with moving to California, how they survive the cruelty of the landowners that take advantage of them, their poverty and willingness to work.  The government, and political figures also abuse their powers to maintain such a lose of balance of power between the workers and businessmen, and yet some branches of the government protect the workers. During the Dust Bowl, hundreds of thousands of southerners faced many hardships, which is the basis of the movie. John Steinbeck wrote this fiction novel to picture the harsh conditions during the Dust Bowl.  The Dust Bowl occurred in the mid-west part of America, especially in Oklahoma. Such people in Oklahoma who lost their jobs from the Depression and ultimately the Dust Bowl were called "Okies."  The mistreatment of the "Okies" in The Grapes of Wrath can be concluded as being valid.  During the Red Scare, Americans mistrusted other Americans, especially certain government organizations.  When one man was telling the "Okie" group that the right and jobs are minimal in California, an aristocratic or government official accused the person of being a communist.  This represents the hate of the communists in the view of the government.   In The Grapes of Wrath, the Californians wanted to rid the "dirty" Okies from California because they were afraid of them. They were afraid that the Okie would take their land. Even the California police dumbfound them for no just reason because they wanted the Okies to leave the state. The police, shown as corrupted thugs, killed Casey because he was "agitating" the public. Certain government organizations were aware of the harsh living and pay conditions that was upon the Joad family, and yet they tried to suppress it.

Comparing Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men :: comparison compare contrast essays

Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men   Mans inhu patchity to man makes countless thousands mourn. (Robert Burns) Mans atrocity to man is clearly demonstrated in William Goldings work, The Lord of the Flies, as well as John Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men.   In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck on that point atomic number 18 many events in the plot of the story that occur that prove that when man is cruel to man, some peoples lives are damagingly touch. One instance in where this is prove true is when the men on the ranch and Curleys wife are cruel and discriminatory against Crooks causing him to be the one to mourn. An example of how the men are discriminative towards Crooks is that he is forced to live in a shack away from the bunkhouse and also Crooks theorises that They dally cards in there, but I cant play because Im black. They say I stink and I aint wanted in the bunkhouse. An example of when Curleys Wife is critical tow ards Crooks is when she looks into his room to see what Lennie and Crooks are doing and then she states, shaking her head, that they left(p) the purposeless ones behind. Also, she threatens to have Crooks hung because a black man should never talk to a white woman the way he just had. As a answer of all of these discriminatory acts against him, Crooks feels unwanted and lonely because of his color and placement on the farm. Also those examples are part of the theme of the novel, people need to ingest and derive those different from themselves, which also helps to prove the interpretation of the quote. Another example in this novel that proves that when man is cruel to man, the lives of people are negatively affected is when Curley picks on and tries to hurt Lennie. Curley chooses to fight Lennie because he thinks he wont fight back but because George gets angry and tells Lennie to fight back, he does. George being angry is not the altogether negative effect that C urleys teasing had on man, but also now Lennie is angry and in danger of getting in trouble and Curley himself gets hurt.Comparing Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men comparison compare contrast essays Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men   Mans inhumanity to man makes countless thousands mourn. (Robert Burns) Mans inhumanity to man is clearly demonstrated in William Goldings work, The Lord of the Flies, as well as John Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men.   In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck there are many events in the plot of the story that occur that prove that when man is cruel to man, some peoples lives are negatively affected. One instance in where this is proven true is when the men on the ranch and Curleys wife are cruel and discriminative against Crooks causing him to be the one to mourn. An example of how the men are discriminative towards Crooks is that he is forced to live in a shack away from the bunkhouse and also Crooks says that They play cards in there, but I cant play because Im black. They say I stink and I aint wanted in the bunkhouse. An example of when Curleys Wife is critical towards Crooks is when she looks into his room to see what Lennie and Crooks are doing and then she states, shaking her head, that they left the weak ones behind. Also, she threatens to have Crooks hung because a black man should never talk to a white woman the way he just had. As a result of all of these discriminatory acts against him, Crooks feels unwanted and lonely because of his color and placement on the farm. Also those examples are part of the theme of the novel, people need to accept and understand those different from themselves, which also helps to prove the interpretation of the quote. Another example in this novel that proves that when man is cruel to man, the lives of people are negatively affected is when Curley picks on and tries to hurt Lennie. Curley chooses to fight Lenn ie because he thinks he wont fight back but because George gets angry and tells Lennie to fight back, he does. George being angry is not the only negative effect that Curleys teasing had on man, but also now Lennie is angry and in danger of getting in trouble and Curley himself gets hurt.

Comparing Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men :: comparison compare contrast essays

Cruelty in The Lord of the fly and Of Mice and Men   Mans inhumanity to man makes countless thousands mourn. (Robert Burns) Mans inhumanity to man is clear show in William Goldings work, The Lord of the Flies, as well as John Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men.   In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck there are galore(postnominal) events in the plot of the story that occur that prove that when man is cruel to man, some peoples lives are negatively affected. One instance in where this is proven certain is when the hands on the ranch and Curleys wife are cruel and discriminative against Crooks causing him to be the one to mourn. An example of how the men are discriminative towards Crooks is that he is forced to live in a shack away from the bunkhouse and withal Crooks says that They play cards in there, but I cant play because Im black. They say I smack and I aint wanted in the bunkhouse. An example of when Curleys Wife is critical towards Crooks is wh en she looks into his room to see what Lennie and Crooks are doing and then she states, shaking her head, that they left the weak ones behind. Also, she threatens to arrive Crooks hung because a black man should never talk to a white woman the way he just had. As a result of all(prenominal) of these homophobic acts against him, Crooks feels unwanted and lonely because of his color and placement on the farm. Also those examples are part of the theme of the novel, people need to accept and understand those antithetical from themselves, which also helps to prove the interpretation of the quote. Another example in this novel that proves that when man is cruel to man, the lives of people are negatively affected is when Curley picks on and tries to have Lennie. Curley chooses to bit Lennie because he thinks he wont fight back but because George gets angry and tells Lennie to fight back, he does. George being angry is not the only negative tack that Curleys corruptive had on man, but also now Lennie is angry and in danger of getting in trouble and Curley himself gets hurt.Comparing Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men comparison compare contrast essays Cruelty in The Lord of the Flies and Of Mice and Men   Mans inhumanity to man makes countless thousands mourn. (Robert Burns) Mans inhumanity to man is clearly demonstrated in William Goldings work, The Lord of the Flies, as well as John Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men.   In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck there are many events in the plot of the story that occur that prove that when man is cruel to man, some peoples lives are negatively affected. One instance in where this is proven true is when the men on the ranch and Curleys wife are cruel and discriminative against Crooks causing him to be the one to mourn. An example of how the men are discriminative towards Crooks is that he is forced to live in a shack away from the bunkhouse and also Crook s says that They play cards in there, but I cant play because Im black. They say I stink and I aint wanted in the bunkhouse. An example of when Curleys Wife is critical towards Crooks is when she looks into his room to see what Lennie and Crooks are doing and then she states, shaking her head, that they left the weak ones behind. Also, she threatens to have Crooks hung because a black man should never talk to a white woman the way he just had. As a result of all of these discriminatory acts against him, Crooks feels unwanted and lonely because of his color and placement on the farm. Also those examples are part of the theme of the novel, people need to accept and understand those different from themselves, which also helps to prove the interpretation of the quote. Another example in this novel that proves that when man is cruel to man, the lives of people are negatively affected is when Curley picks on and tries to hurt Lennie. Curley chooses to fight Lennie because he thinks he wont fight back but because George gets angry and tells Lennie to fight back, he does. George being angry is not the only negative effect that Curleys teasing had on man, but also now Lennie is angry and in danger of getting in trouble and Curley himself gets hurt.

The important of unity in Malaysia Essay

Malaysia is a country populated by divers(a) ethnic, racial and religion. The success of integrating Malaysias various ethnic groups would be established in a united Malaysian society. Thus, the national unity plays an important role in shape up of Malaysia. Before the Malaysia successfully achieves independent, our ancestries which come from different background cooperate in order to demand for independent. The result for their unity among them has lead Malaysia as a self- governing country. Hence, we could say that no unity, no Malaysia. Secondly, the occurrence of unity in Malaysia has created a consent and peaceful society. As we know, Malaysia is a nation which group by diverse culture and religion. If the Malaysia heap doesnt implement with the quality of unity, conflict and quarrel provide occur among them and thus the steadfast of political of Malaysia will be corrupt. The visitors from other countries will be attracted by the unity that shown by the Malaysian people.Th e visitors would like to identify more closely with the Malaysian culture of various races and religion which can live harmony under one society. The presence of the visitors to Malaysia has led to the development of tourism industry and hence increases the nation income. Another importance of unity in Malaysia is the development of economic. The stable of political in Malaysia due to the unity of Malaysian people will attract the foreign traders to make investment in Malaysia. The attendance of the foreign traders will not only cause the economics of Malaysia to increase, it may also raise the status of economic of Malaysia in the world. As conclusion, unity among the various races is vital for the progress of the nation as the saying goes, United we stand, divided we fall.

The Election of 1860

By the election of 1860 profound divisions existed among Americans over the future course of their country, and especially over the S stunnedhs unpaired institution, bondage.During the presidency of James K. Polk (1841-1849), the United States had confirmed the annexation of Texas to the Union, negotiated a treaty with Great Britain for the operating theater dirt up to the 49th parallel, and, as a resolvent of the Mexican War, added California and New Mexico as well. The American eagle now spanned the entire continent, a source of field of studyistic pride to those who thought expansion was the fulfillment of both Gods will and Americas mission to spread its republican institutions.But national exuberance turned sour when Americans confronted the issue of whether break ones backry should follow the flag into the new territories. During the 1850s, various views about slaverys expansion and its place in Americas future fueled suspicion and bitterness between northerners and s outherners. In Kansas, the question of whether the territory would be opened or closed to slavery erupted in violence and semipolitical unrest.Bleeding Kansas, the treatment of temporary slaves, and other issues involving slavery strained and then shattered the nations two- society frame which had served for a generation to weld sections and interests into two powerful national institutions. Of the two major parties, the Whig organization totally succumbed in the mid-1850s to the sectionalizing resultants of the slavery issue and ceased to exit as a national companionship.Like the country, the Whig party could not exist half slave and half free. Meanwhile, the Democratic party managed to remain intact passim that decade, besides slavery acted like a solvent to weaken its bonds. Increasingly, its powerful, predominantly southern wing was at odds with a littler, northern contingent.The campaign of 1860 accurately registered the countrys wonky condition after a decade of secti onal turmoil. The leading political organization in the North was the Republican party. It was composed of former Whigs, a smaller number of ex-Democrats, as well as members of other parties, including some who had previously supported antislavery parties, such as the Liberty party, which had sought to end slavery by political means.Like any party, the Republican party contained a broad spectrum of opinions on many issues, including slavery. But most Republicans were, like Lincoln, moderates who were positioned between the more radical and materialistic elements of their party.The key to the Republican partys success was its position on slavery. It opposed the expansion of slavery and called upon Congress to condition measures, whenever necessary, to prevent its extension. It condemned slavery as an immoral institution, a relic of barbarism, and most Republicans thought that by confining slavery within its present boundaries, the institution would be placed on the road to eventual extinction.The party was, therefore, a genuine anti-slavery party, but most Republicans rejected a more radical stand that would associate them with abolitionism.The party, for example, upheld the constitutional sanctity of slavery within the South, and a significant minority (including Lincoln) were willing to support a constitutional amendment forever guaranteeing against congressional interference with slavery in the states.Republicans also acknowledged the legitimacy of the fugitive slave clause of the Constitution and veritable its enforcement by proper laws. Republicans, therefore, separated themselves from abolitionists who agitated for a quicker, immediate, end to slavery, and the adoption of measures, such as the emancipation of slaves in the nations capital, which would render slavery insecure in its present boundaries.At the equivalent time, moderate Republicans also distinguished themselves from the more egalitarian racial program of abolitionism. Most Republicans acc epted the principles of the Declaration of Independence as assuring black people certain rights now and, perhaps also, as ultimate goals to be fully realized past in the future.But they disavowed measures that would immediately bring about true satisfactoryity between the races. Lincoln, who may have been somewhat more conservative than the core of his party, declared himself against equal rights in voting and officeholding, and he advocated the colonization of blacks to lands outside the United States, an idea that was anathema to abolitionists. Southerners, however, hardly distinguished between the different antislavery and racial views of the Republicans and abolitionists.The Republican partys opposition to the expansion of slavery, therefore, encompassed a distinctive moral protest against slavery itself, but also contained, at least for many Republicans, a racial concern that the territories be reserved primarily for free white people. In addition, the Republican mainstream associated a free labor society with economic opportunity, hard work, upward mobility, liberty, morality, and other internal elements of a true republic.Slavery, on the other hand, was associated with economic backwardness, aristocracy, violence, illiteracy, intemperance, and immorality. Worse yet, Republicans viewed slavery as an aggressive institution, whose leading, in alliance with sympathetic northerners, were conspiring to spread this cancer throughout the nation.This idea of a Slave Power Conspiracy, which Lincoln boldly proclaimed in his House Divided speech to the Illinois Republican convention in June 1858, place the party with democratic ideals and provided a shorthand expression of northern resentment against the Souths political clout. Although a minority section, the South had disproportionate influence in national politics, and frequently scuttled measures desired by many northerners, such as higher tariffs to protect manufacturing, or homestead legislation to prov ide free land for westbound settlers.VIDEO A House Divided (1.9 MB)In May 1860, the Republicans gathered in Chicago for only their second national convention and nominated Lincoln as their candidate. The political program held that the normal condition of all territory was freedom. The platform also endorsed measures to encourage industry, a homestead act, and a transcontinental railroad.VIDEO Lincolns Nomination (2.1 MB)As for the Democratic party, the corrosive effect of slavery finally made itself felt on this national institution. For years, Democrats had united behind the belief of public sovereignty. Popularized by such prominent party leaders as Lewis Cass, its nominee in 1848, and Stephen A. Douglas, Illinoiss eminent and ambitious United States senator, popular sovereignty left the question whether slavery should be permitted to expand into a territory up to the people in the territory.Popular sovereignty promised to keep the subject of slavery out of the hands of polit icians in Washington, and to give it, instead, to the people, the territorial citizens, most directly involved. The doctrine sounded democratic, fair, and practical.But popular sovereignty proved a hollow idea. Most northern Democrats assumed that, under this doctrine, slavery would never actually expand into territories. Climate, terrain, the swift execution of free state settlers into the West, and other considerations would discourage slaveholders from entering the territories.Thus, the initial settlers in a territory would favor free labor and would take measures to keep slavery out. Fairly applied, popular sovereignty would hold the territories (or virtually all of them) for the North without insulting the South by explicitly excluding slavery under federal authority.Republicans, however, denounced popular sovereignty as inadequate to prevent the spread of slavery, and morally bankrupt because it implied that a decision for slavery was morally equivalent to one against. Equall y debatable was the view of most southern Democrats, who interpreted popular sovereignty to permit and even protect slavery in the territories throughout the entire territorial stage.Southerners insisted that slaveholders had the same constitutional right as nonslaveholders to bring their property, including slaves, into the territories. Moreover, since the territories were the common property of all the states, slaveholders must have equal access. For the South, the question of whether slavery would actually go into a territory was of less moment than establishing the principle that slavery must have equal standing to free labor.Honor and security demanded that slavery be treated as no less sacrosanct than freedom. Southerners, therefore, interpreted popular sovereignty to mean that only at the very end of the territorial stage, after slavery had been permitted to take root, could the citizens of the territory declare against the institution. There could be free states in the Unit ed States, but no free territories.These different definitions of popular sovereignty, which actually expressed mannequin attitudes towards slavery itself, came to a head when the Democratic party assembled in Charleston, South Carolina, in April 1860. Southern Democrats insisted that the party endorse the idea of a federal slave code for the territories.This would secure the rights of slaveholders to enter the territories throughout the territorial period. When the majority of delegates refused to accept the southern position, delegates from the deep South states, plus a few from the upper South, marched out of the convention. The remaining delegates, after failing to nominate a candidate, adjourned to meet again in Baltimore in June. The only political party with a truly national constituency was now split asunder.The following June 1860, efforts to reunite the Democratic party failed, and Democrats met in two separate conventions in Baltimore. The predominantly northern wing nom inated Douglas, and adopted a platform upholding popular sovereignty without mentioning a federal slave code, and leaving it to the Supreme Court to determine the specific powers of a territorial legislature. Herschel V. Johnson of atomic number 31 was selected as Douglass running mate.The southern Democratic wing nominated the present feebleness president of the United States, John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky, as its presidential candidate, and Joseph Lane of Oregon as his running mate. The southern Democratic platform affirmed the right of the federal government to protect the slaveholders equal right to settle in a territory.Further complicating the election was the formation of a fourth political party, the Constitutional Union party. Composed of conservative members of the moribund Whig and Know Nothing parties, the Constitutional Union party denounced the major parties for inciting sectional divisions, and appealed for a popular, patriotic rallying to the cause of the Union.I ts convention, which met in May 1860, also in Baltimore, nominated John Bell, a Tennessee Whig, for President, and Edward Everett of Massachusetts for vice president. The partys conservative appeal attracted a following, especially in the border states throughout the South, it constituted the main opposition to the Breckinridge ticket.The campaign of 1860 demonstrated that a national political system was no longer operating. The contest was actually two elections, one in the North and one in the South. In the North, the Lincoln and Douglas forces vied for victory in the South the contest was between Breckinridge and Bell. The sections were insulated from to each one other.Lincoln did not even appear on the ballot in most southern states, and only in a few northern states did Breckinridge muster any discernible support. In the end, Lincoln won the election by carrying seventeen free states, while Breckinridge triumphed in football team slave states. Neither candidate captured a sing le state in the opposite section. Bell and Douglas trailed far behind.The highly sectionalized nature of the campaign meant that northerners and southerners waged battle against a shadow opponent. Lincoln refused to issue public assurances to the South that he would uphold slavery in its present confines. Nor did southerners have to pay heed to the Republican partys semiofficial denunciation of John Browns raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia.This attack on a federal arsenal in the fall of 1859, by the Ohio abolitionist did not conflagrate the intended insurrection of slaves, and ended in Browns capture and hanging.The raid sent shock waves through the South. Despite Republican disclaimers, southerners readily linked the party to abolitionism and the fiery overthrow of slavery. Similarly, northerners, swept up in the renewed Lincoln-Douglas contest, paid insufficient heed to the intensity of anti-Union feelings in the South.Although neither Breckinridge nor Bell threatened secession, they often challenged each other in the South as to who was the more loyal to southern rights and interests. The air was filled with frequent warnings that Lincolns election would justify secession.

Bible Defines Human Nature Essay

According to the book of Genesis, art object was created in the image of perfection. God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him male and female he created them. Genesis 127 This delegacy that mans nature is godly. Because our almighty God is a holy God, man is also expected to be blameless before Him. But how come iniquity became inevitable to serviceman nature? Isnt it that man by nature is greedy and self centered? Other than that, the New Testament says that all father fallen short to Gods standard. Does it mean that the bible contradict itself? Meanwhile, western philosophers believe in the concept to tabula rasa. Its a thesis that says that homo beings are born without an inborn personality. Human personality is just a product of pile of experiences and is influenced by his surroundings. If a man doesnt grow up in a practiced environment, it follows that his nature is not that good too. In other words, man was born as innocent creature without any spirit of morality. We lavatory say that being innocent is close to being blameless. Does it mean that the idea of tabula rasa supports the famous idea taken from Genesis? When we look at the delivery boyian concept of salvation, we can conclude that the Gospel presents a clear explanation regarding this long time debate. Although the bible gives a seemingly contradicting explanation regarding the nature of human beings, still it supports each other when view it from Christian perspective. When we were born, we cant deny the fact that we are innocent. Just like Adam and Eve, we dont have any knowledge of sin. And as we look back on the book of Genesis, Adam and Eve became aware that they were naked when sin entered their life. Therefore we can conclude that our sinful nature starts when we lose our innocence. As we grow old, our values are being by our family, community, church and media. Other than that, our personalities were shaped by our experiences. For those m asses who experienced rejection, they are more likely to develop fleece and insecurities. It is also inevitable for them to hold grudges and bitterness. As we look at the bible, we can see that pride and bitterness are sin. Like pride and bitterness, greed is also a product of life experiences as well as family background and community involvement. It means that sin is an inevitable part of life. As we grow old, they more we can acquire sin which is too far from having a godly nature. But the good red-hots is that God made a way so that human can return to their blameless nature. He sent Jesus for us to be like his image again. Because of Jesus blood that was shed on the cross, we are forgiven of our sin and purified to become new creations. Therefore, if any unitary is in Christ he is a new creation. The old has gone, the new has come. 2 Corinthians 517 This idea of Christs way of salvation supports the concept of sanctification. But sanctification is not a one time experience fo r Christians. They are experiencing a lifetime of sanctification as they grow in their relationship with Christ. If experiences can cause us to sin, our experiences can also be used by God to mold our characters. Our life is a preparation of our character, a way of sanctification until we meet Christ. It is the reason why the bible always compares Christ and church relationship with that of a groom and a bride.BibliographyThe Bible League. The Devotional Study Bible. USA Zondervan Corporation, 1987.

Global Warming as a Social Problem Essay

Todays union consists of many different social problems. Social problems can range from affecting certain parts of society to affecting the worlds society. Social problems are situations affecting a significant number of stack, that are believed to be sources of difficulty or threaten the stableness of the confederacy (Cancerweb.ncl.as.uk).The definition of the enclosure social problem can range from a minute case to a widespread problem. A social problem can in like manner be considered as a social condition that a segment of society views as harmful to members of society that is in bring of remedy. Social problems range with each individual person. Every person has a unique perspective of what is a problem and what is not. An easy sort to clarify what a social problem is if there is a public outcry for a solution to it. While most commonly thought of social problems are base on discrimination and stereotypes, one specific social problem that does not fit into these standar ds is world(prenominal) warm up.Global warming is an increase in earths average atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate that whitethorn result from the greenhouse effect (Dictionary.com). As a social problem, global warming is a f give vently large and broad topic. The greenhouse effect is an surroundingsal condition caused by excessive quantities of carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. These definitions are alone physical definitions. In terms of being a social problem, global warming and the greenhouse affect yields harmful effectuate on every community and society as a whole. This type of social problem does not choose its victim based on race, gender, sexual orientation, class, income, age, or any unimaginative category a person can be placed in. Not every person is equally affected by this, but everyone is susceptible to transaction with this problem.The greenhouse effect is a factor in causing global warm ing. Global warmingis caused by many factors and different kinds of pollution. The main type of pollution that affects global warming is personal credit line pollution. Air pollution is simply defined as pollution of the atmosphere, which ties in with the greenhouse effect. Air pollution can overly be defined as the addition of harmful chemicals to the atmosphere. The most serious air pollution results from the burning of fossil fuels, especially in internal-combustion engines (Dictionary.com).Air pollution, along with any other type of pollution are mostly caused by humans actions. The way people live today, and how they use their resources in day by day manner results in everyday pollution. Pollution can be considered as an undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities (Dictionary.com). People may not realize this, but their actions directly affect their surroundings. Completing daily tasks such as private road a car has detrimental effects on Earths atmosphere and pollution levels.Global warming causes physical harm to humans, animals, and plant life. A change in the Earths climate could be detrimental to the Earths life. The physical harm that is inflicted on all of living life due to global warming poses as a problem a social problem. Global warming does not choose its victim based on any type of criteria such as race, age, gender, sexual orientation, class, income, or any stereotypical category. Global warming poses as a social problem by affecting a significant number of people, and by threatening the stability of the communitys environment.Since pollution is one of the main factors in causing global warming, it also comes with health effects. These effects range from being short-term to being long-term. Short-term effects can be as simple as headaches nau sea, and hypersensitive reactions such as irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. Infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia can also occur. An example in history of health effects from pollution can be found in the Smog Disaster in 1952 located in London. In this Smog Disaster a total of four thousand people passed in only a few days. The death of these civilians was due to the high concentrations of pollution (Paraphrased from Lbl.gov).Long-term health effects include chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, shopping center disease, and even damage to the brain, nerves, liver, or kidneys (Lbl.gov). Research has shown that younger children and elderly people are much sensitive to pollution compared to the general public. Continual exposure to air pollution affects the lungs of growing children and may aggravate or complicate medical conditions in the elderly (Lbl.gov). Young children and elderly people often suffer more from the effects of air pollution (LbL.gov).With global warming not being in full affect, the extents of the effects are currently unknown. The effects of global warming a re only just beginning with mild winters and extremely hot summers. The climate change can be subtle or dramatic depending on how quickly it occurs. The increase in temperature in the climate either way will be harmful. With temperature increases ice caps in the Artic and Antarctica are break up at increasing rates. The melting of ice caps can have many changes includes the destruction of the habitat in the Artic as well as salary increase sea levels. Global warming could push sea levels about 40 percent higher than current models predict (NationalGeographic.com). Models suggest that by 2100 sea levels will be between four and thirty-five inches higher than it was in 1990 (NationalGeographic.com).Ocean front properties and beaches can be set asideed and submerged in water because of these rising sea levels. The higher the temperatures and climates increase, the faster the sea levels will rise. A comparison of this at a minor scale could be like a house make in a flood plain next to a river. The more it rains the higher the water will rise. If the water rises to high, it will flood the flood plain, and destroy the house. Coastal areas will be affected similarly. A person could think of the coastal areas as a flood plain for the oceans. Ice caps melt from the rising temperatures, as the water heats up (even just slightly), the water will begin to expand. As the water expands the sea level will rise.Solutions to global warming and its effects range vastly. There are several different types of solutions ranging from micro-level solutions to macro-level solutions. Solutions can range from fuel-efficient vehicles to more environmental laws. Solutions to global warming may not fully fall down the problem, it may only reduce it.Renewable resources could play a main role in the solutions to reducing global warming. A key point is that if we were to shake off to renewable resources it would cost the government a lot of money, which could result in higher taxes or some other means of obtaining the necessary amount of money. A plus to using renewable resources is the fact that in the long run they would pay for themselves. Not only would it provide jobs for the people who would be forced to part the nonrenewable resources, it would also be opening up opportunities for the unemployed. Along with making our environment a safer and more hazard free living zone, wed also be leading towards a better economy.Our current economy state is negatively thought of, and switching to nonrenewable resources could put our government in debt. aft(prenominal) so many years renewable resources will not only repay its own debt, but it will also produce a profit. The term renewable resources are relating to a natural resource, such as solar energy, water, or wood, that is never used up or that can be replaced by new growth. Resources that are dependent on regrowth can sometimes be depleted beyond the point of renewability, as when the deforestation of land leads to desertification or when a commercially valuable species is harvested to extinction. Pollution can also make a renewable resource such as water unusable in a particular location (Dictionary.com).The future problems dealing with global warming will lead to such massive problems that a solution and change will be demanded. Global warming is a social problem because of the public outcry that is already occurring. The state of our current economy is negatively thought of. If we were to invest in new solutions for global warming it would be a great cost. If we were to pay for the projects to reduce global warming that we believe will have an effect may put our country in great debt. If the country were to switch to fuel-efficient and renewable resources in all institutes and factories it would be a great cost.A good way to evaluate the methods of our solutions to global warming would involve technology we already possess. Measuring CO2 levels in the atmosphere and the amounts of trash and liter in our surrounding environmentin comparison to the current and predicted conditions would only be a start. Actually comparing climate conditions to the predicted conditions would be a good evaluation. If the climate is kept at an average as it is now, in comparison to the higher climates predicted for the future, we would be able to tell if the solutions were taking effect.WORKS CITED1.http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/global%20warming.2.http//cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?social+problems.3.http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/air%20pollution4.http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/pollution5.http//www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/Frames/pollution-health-effects-f.html6. http//news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061214-sea-level.html7.http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/renewable

Critically Evaluate Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as Way of Understanding Employee Motivation in Contemporary Chinese Business

Critically evaluate Maslows hierarchy of call for as way of understanding employee motivation in coeval Chinese business. Because of the enormous developing and consume potentials in China, more(prenominal) and more multinationals are attracted. Companies who had rich successful experiences in west contain difficulties to manage in this unfamiliar acclivitous market (in Alas, 2008). To define the way of understanding employee in China, necessarily and motivations of Chinese employees should be considered first. Maslows hierarchy of demand as one of the most discussed theories which related to mickle motivations should be included.According to Maslows model, individuals sire the same order of needs all over the world. Some criticisms pointed out that needs would change under dissentent cultures. Furthermore, pursual the great changes of China, employee motivations between new China and contemporary China changed as well. Due to the reform in China, Chinese people have more outlook to communicate with western which gave a important impact on Chinese employees work set and motivations. This essay will evaluate Maslows hierarchy of needs as way of understanding employee motivation in contemporary Chinese business.From Maslows perspective (in Geren, 2011), human needs are the same worldwide. It indicated that the hierarchy of needs which developing based on U. S. society can be applied all over the world. Whereas the research of Hofsted (2001) reported that people under different cultures have diverse values which have a motivational influence on life choices and behaviors (in Alas, 2008). Compared with the individualism culture in U. S. , China exists as a collectivized society due to its long history of traditional culture and the dominant position of imperial power.Individuals in the individualistic society are concerned more about self-success, but for Chinese people, maintain harmony within their social environment is more significant. According to Kirkman and Shapiro (in Alas, 2008), there are some crucial colligate between heathen values and job attitudes which can be the approach to study employee motivations between U. S. and China deeply. A diagram about the hierarchy of needs of the Peoples Republic of China by Nevis (in Gambrel and Cianci, 2003) showed that the order of needs of Chinese people and employees are social belonging, physiological, safety and elf-actualization. Employees in China tend to underline social needs more over individualistic needs which means the status and identity were concerned more in a society, while employees in more individualistic society such as America stress more on individualistic needs. A famous case was at Lenovo when Chinese and American employees worked as a group, Chinese employee considered the team as the key for companys successful. However, The Americans were trying to identify individual high performers (Gallo, 2008).The hierarchy of needs model seems not appropriate fo r understanding the employee motivations in China business. However, an ambitious reform program was launched in China. Instead of a relatively closed brass previously, an open, market-driven system had been set up. A series of actions including entering the WTO, opening the western region of China and building up an information network have abandoned dynamic to support the system and take the way to develop. As a result of these great changes of China, employee motivations and work values between new China and contemporary China changed as well.According to studies by Ralston et al. (in Jaw, 2007), Work values of contemporary Chinese leaders who get a higher score on individualism differ from those older generation of the past. It indicated that new generation of Chinese manager characterized more individualistic. Furthermore, because of the experiences to western thought and management practices, Chinese employees who ever had under western cultural influence are more obstreper ous (in Jaw, 2007). It stated that work values are different between Chinese employees who have western cultural experiences and those who have not.Chinese employees who have western cultural exposure experiences focus more on individual values, especially self-esteem and self-actualization which can be applied in Maslows model. As the number of those employees increasing, this tendency will become more obviously. For those Chinese employees who do not have a western background, they put more focus on the material standard of living and work conditions which can be seen as the first level of Maslows model. For example, high wages have been seen as one of the most significant factors to attract employees in contemporary Chinese business.In order to motivate employees more effectively, Googles office in China not only provide fresh fruit and high quality food, but also create relax and comfortable working environment (Marre, 2011). The ANOVA demonstrate of work values in 4 areas sho wed that Chinese respondents pay more attention to the provision of welfare than employees in the other areas (in Alas, 2008) . When employees age is old plentiful to retire, they need the welfare to support daily life without working. It reflected the importance of the security of their work.The reasons behind their needs were attributed to the different developments in the economy after experiencing a centrally planned economy in China and low material standards of living (in Jaw, 2007). Although China has been seen as the emerging market with full of power, the country had experienced a socialist regime which have considerable less wealth than traditional capitalist countries and started to develop only around 30 years. That caused most of Chinese employees lighten strive for the lowest need and also excuse the rationality of Maslows hierarchy of needs in China. To sum up, as the representer of U.S. middle class values during the period of individual achievements were stressed, Maslows model is not applied across all cultures (in Jaw, 2007). However, as a result of the reform in China in 1978, links between China and the world connected. By the influence of western culture, Chinese manager and employee who had a background in foreign countries shown more aggressive and ambitious which closer the stage of self-esteem and self-actualization among Maslows theory. On the other hand, general employees focus more on income, work environment and welfare which explain Maslows model in a practical way.Although Maslows model is not apply in a collectivistic society, it becomes more proper to extinguish Chinese employees motivations after 30 years development. Word count1004 References Alas, R. (2008) Attitudes and values in Chinese manufacturing companies A Comparison with Japanese, South Korean and Hong Kong companies. Chinese worry Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 pp. 32-51 Marre, W. (2011) Is GOOGLE Employee Heaven? Available from March 2012 Gambrel, P Cianci, R. (2003) M aslows Hierarchy of needs Does It Apply In A Collectivist Culture. Journal of utilize Management and Entrepreneurship Apr 2003 8,2 ABI/INFORM Global pg. 43 Gallo, F. (2008) Business Leadership In China How to Blend Best Western Practices with Chinese Wisdom, Publisher Wiley (August 1, 2008) Geren, B. (2011) Motivation Chinese theoretical Perspectives. Journal of Behavioural Studies in Business Vol. 3 online. Available from March 2012 Hofstede,G. (2001) Cultures Consequences Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across Nation(2nd ed. ), SAGE Publications Thousand Oaks, CA Jaw, B-S Ling, Y-H Wang, C. Y-P Chang, W-C. (2007) The impact of culture on Chinese employees work values. Personnel Review Vol. 36 No. 1, 2007 (pp. 128-144)

Electron Probability Lab Report

Cynthia Johnson Period 3 Experiment 11 Electron prospect I. Statement of Purpose We determined the hit probability of a dart by throwing it onto a fixed target one hundred times. IV. Data* * habituated V. Results and Questions 1. (a) *Graph (b) The probability that the dart will hit in ring four is 16 out of 100. A dart will be almost likely to hit the bulls-eye about 5 cm from it. (c) Our graph has a spike in hits on the ring.Also, the graph in figure two has more than of a curve that goes up at the end, and ours goes down at the end. 2. (a) *Graph (b) The probability of a hit in any given unit flying field on the target varies with the distance of that area from the bulls-eye because of the positioning. The person that his higher up could be over the target differently than a person that is shorter. I would barely it towards outside, because the outer-most rings got the most hits. c) Our hit density curve has a spike in it, while the one in figure three does not. 3. (a) No, be cause it varies from person to person, base on height and distance from the person and the target. Also, whether they aimed or not. (b) No, because they are in different groups. 4. (a) Quadrant 1 has 25 hits in it, quadrant 2 had 25 hits in it, quadrant 3 has 26 hits in it, and quadrant 4 has 24 hits in it. (b) We were almost exactly even in each quadrant, and we did not favor any certain quadrant over the other by very much.

Nefertiti

The existence of the Egyptian queen Nefertiti could be dated back to ordinal century BCE, 18th Dynasty. Nefertiti is the chief wife of the pharaoh, Amenhotep IV and she is most well-known for her emergence in Egyptian art, particularly the prominent female chest which was located in 1912 at Amarna, aside from that she is besides well-known for the role she most likely played in the apparitional rebellion focusing on monotheistic religion of Aten. Aten, on the different hand is also a well-known Egyptian sun disk.Amenhotep IV made use of the name Akhenaten when he took charge of the phantasmal rebellion which situated Aten as the main focus of their worship. Art during that period illustrates a closely knitted family relationship with the royal family. These arts are illustrated in a naturalistic, individualistic, and informal manner, and it comprises of Nefertiti, her conserve and their sixsome children. Most representations of the Egyptian queen, Nefertiti also showed her a s taking an active part in the Aten cult.Approximately, fourteen years later, Nefertiti utterly vani drop from the publics eye and Amenhotep IV was succeeded to the throne by Smenkhkhare, often clock visualised as his son-in-law. One speculation regarding the sudden disappearance of queen Nefertiti is that she took on a male identity and governed under the name Smenkhkhare, an different hypothesis is that she was killed as a piece of the come back to the customary Egyptian religious traditions, at that place are however, also some speculations that she died a natural death (Akhet Egyptology, 2007).Nefertitis phone line is very debatable in that no one knows scarcely where she came from, and up to now, it is still argued over by archaeologists and historians alike. There is a probability that she is a foreign princess or the child of a former pharaoh, Amenhotep III which tot eithery opened the possibility that Amenhotep IV may not actually be the son of the pharaoh, Amenhotep III, or yet that they are married in spite of the fact that Nefertiti may have been Akhentatens half-sister (since it is only natural and customary in Egypt to marry half-brothers and sisters). However, there are also possibilities that she is not of a noble or royal blood and that she is the child of Ay (brother of Amenhotep IIIs wife).Ay, in turn, is at measures referred to as the Gods father, therefore implying the possibility that Ay is Akhenatens father-in-law, although there had not been, up to this point in time, no precise references which could be used to back up this particular declaration. Mutnojme, Nefertitis sister, on the other hand is presented outstandingly in the adornments in Ays tomb, yet, one could not just deduct that Mutnojme and Nefertiti is already Ays daughters, since Mutnojmes presence on Ays tomb alone could not be sufficient evidence of their relationship to one another.There are also some speculations of Nefertiti being an heiress, and it opens the possibility that she may be a progeny of ahmose-Nefertari, although she was never really depicted as Gods wife Amun, on the other hand, Nefertiti never claimed to be the government issue of a pharaoh, and from that one could be certain that Nefertiti is not on the direct line of descent even if it so happened that she is indeed a child of the Pharaoh Amenhotep III. Also, there are speculations that even if Nefertiti is truly an offspring of ay, it is highly probable that she is not the daughter of Ays chief wife, and that her mother met an early death which left her to the business concern of Tey. On the other hand, there are still a great deal of claims in regard to her origin which only proves how debatable her exact origin really is (Lewis, 2007).Nefertiti is most celebrated in the ancient times because of her exceptional beauty, and she is ranked, up to this point in time, among the most famous Egyptian queens. The renowned cutting of Queen Nefertiti, which had been found in a sculptors workshop in Akhenaten, is considered as one of the most instantly identifiable im senesces from Nefertitis time. It has amused the excesses which could be found on the Armana artistic style, and it also endured the extensive obliteration wrought by Akhenatens memorials afterward his demise (Drake, 2007).It appears that Queen Nefertiti have interpreted up till now unparalleled height of magnitude in the Amarna eon art. As could be seen from one of her statues in Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, Nifertiti is usually depicted making some kinds of presents or offerings to the sun god, Aten, and it is even assumed that she equaled her husbands fame.Fact is, there are even speculations that Queen Nefertitis fame uttermost surpasses that of her husband. It is even speculated that even in the ancient time, her exceptional beauty was widely renowned, and her celebrated statue (the one mentioned earlier which was found in an artists workshop), is not simply a renowned and most iden tifiable icon in all Egypt, rather, it is also a subject of a great deal of debate.In response to those who call in that the only thing which made Nefertiti famous is her exceptional beauty, they ought to know that there is more to this Egyptian queen than meets the eye especially since it appears that up to this point in time, she have an unmatched rank of importance in the Amarna era in the eighteenth dynasty. In numerous work of arts, Nefertitis rank is obvious and it denotes that her twist may have equaled, if not surpassed, that of Amenhotep IV. For an instance, Nefertiti is represented almost twice as often as Amenhotep IV, at any rate, during the 1st five years of her husbands period in office. Definitely, Nefertiti is once even portrayed in the traditional stance of a pharaoh cutting his adversary.As was the case with her husband, there is also no suggestion or traces of her ma, some jewels which bears her symbols were located at the royal tomb at Akhenaten. However, ther e is no real proof or bridle that Nifertiti was even buried in Akhenaten. According to some existing accounts, it is probable that she fell from favor from her husband or she met her end during her husbands time in power. In any case, it is probable that her burial had been held anywhere but Akhenatens.As was already mentioned earlier, Nefertiti is the chief royal wife of Amenhotep IV and they have had six offsprings (all of which are females). However, there are claims that it was in all probability, with Amnhoteps another wife, Kiya, that he was able to father his would successors to his throne. His successors had been Smenkhkare and Tutankhamun. Aside from Kiya, Amenhotep IV have two other wives namely, Mekytaten and Ankhesenpaaten, there are even conjectures that Merytaten (possibly one of Nefertitis daughters) was also a wife of Amenhotep IV.Indisputably, Amenhotep IV really loved his chief wife, Nefertiti in that Nefertiti and Amenhotep IV had been eternally together on the first reliefs, most of which depicted the royal family in a affectionate, loving and about an almost perfect masterpieces. From time to time, the pharaoh could be seen locomote with Nefertiti in a chariot or the pharaoh kissing his chief wife in public, or with Nefertiti sitting on his husbands lap. One of the eulogies even declared Nefertiti asthe Heiress, Great in the Palace, Fair of Face, Adorned with the Double Plumes, Mistress of Happiness, Endowed with Favors, at hearing whose voice the King rejoices, the Chief wife of the King, his beloved, the Lady of the Two Lands, Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti, May she live for Ever and Always (Dunn, 2005).Remarkably significant to Amenhotep IV was Femininity which was not simply essential in his personalised life, but to his thoughts, philosophies, and convictions as well, as a matter of fact, it is definitely hard to find another founder of a religion on which females have had a similar functions as that of the male of the species. Amenh otep IV had a great number of women which surrounds him (this is evident by the sheer number of his wives), and they are all portrayed in nearly every appearances of a cult ritual performed by the pharaoh at his new capital as a tribute to Aten which proves that Amenhotep IV treated all of his wives in a respectful manner.Each and every one of Amenhotep IVs wives was given their very own refuge, which were usually referred to as the sunshade temple. They were often positioned in parkland surroundings of plants as well as water pools, all of which gave emphasis to the significance of these women in the every day restitution of worldly concern impinged on by Aten.Nevertheless it was the image of Queen Nefertiti that Amenhotep IV had fashioned on the four corners of his granite tomb and it was also Nefertiti who presented the fortification to Amenhotep IVs mummy, a position customarily played by the Egyptian goddesses Isis, Selket, an Neith.One thing which may have greatly influenced the royal couples relationship was the presence of the pharaohs mother Tiye. It is surmised that Tiye holds an important and very exclusive role in Amenhotep IVs court, and one could only deduce that this may have had moved(p) the relationship of the royal couple.Tiye, as the wise woman of El Amarna was often portrayed in such a way which indicate her old age as well as her life experiences and wisdom which generates awe, reverence, great regard from every one (Yakutchik, 2007).One could then surmise that the wrinkles or the carvings which indicates old age in Tiyes face also indicates her position as a wise woman whose wisdom she derived through her so many experiences in life. It was fundamentally this reason why when Nefertitis face was also depicted in such a way which also signals old age, one could only quit that by that time, the queen Nefertiti also attained the wisdom Tiye had through her many experiences on Earth. Most of this depictions occurred after Tiyes death which made some pause that Nefertiti is the successor of the wise woman. This in turn, brought Nefertitis position in court a higher status.Queen Nefertiti is probably best known for the multi-colored limestone bust which portrays her, a large number of people regard it as one of the greatest masterpiece there is in the pre-contemporary world. This bust is at times called the Berlin bust and it had been recently subjected into a great deal of controversy. For so many years, this particular bust had been the most renowned display in Berlins Egyptian Museum, drawing an immense number of foreigners because of its sheer beauty and history and defying every endeavor at repatriation (Tyldesley, 1999).However, a conceptual work of art which involves the Berlin bust and the personify of an inadequately dressed female incited a great deal of indignation and anger in Nefertitis motherland, along with the allegation that Nefertiti is no longer protect in Berlin, this particular depiction of Nefe rtiti in an insufficient outfit was made by Little Warsaw. This caused so much outrage, particularly in the part of the Egyptian officials for numerous reasons. One ought to take note of the fact that Egypt is a very conservative country and the putting of the queens principal to a just clad figure is nothing short of an insult to the Egyptians not to mention the fact that such exhibit may cause considerable damage to the bust (Dunn, 2005).Another controversy and the more recent of the two was the probability that Nefertitis mummy had at last been located. Joanne Fletcher, a well-known mummification expert from the University of York, declared the likelihood that Nefertitis mummy may at last been discovered. Fletcher pointed out some clues in support of her claim such as the shaven head on which, according to her is needed in order for the crown to fit. However, in spite of this all there are still some debates on whether the mummy was indeed Queen Nefertitis or not.As could be se en, the life of the beautiful and interesting queen Nefertiti is indeed full of controversies and there is a great probability that things would forever remain as such. One could only hope that there would come a time that a light would be shed to some interesting issues which surrounds the queen and that we would at last be able to ascertain the things which had been linked to her life as well as the issues which surrounds her decades later after her death.Works CitedAkhet Egyptology. Nefertiti. (2007).Drake, Nick. Nefertiti The Book of the Dead. Harper Collins, 2007.Dunn, Jimmy. Feature Story Queen Nefertiti. (2005)..Lewis, Jone Johnson. Nefertiti. (2007). .Tyldesley, Joyce A. Nefertiti Egypts Sun Queen. Penguin Books Ltd New Ed edition,1999.Yakutchik, Maryalice. Who Was Nefertiti? (2007).

General Motors Essay

I first want to start issue with the bailout in 2009 w here(predicate) the government gave world-wide Motors money ($40 gazillion) to help get them out the situation with their creditors and took over most(prenominal) of the confederation. According to reports on the whole told of the outstanding stock has been sold and now the company is out of the governments feeds. The total issue forth presumptuousness to them was non paid in full and they do not feel homogeneous they submit to repay anymore because they said that there was a risk with taking the stock and that the government would scantily get back what the stock sold for. I recognise that this is true in the stock market, as I incur stocks myself and know the risks that I am taking. I still have a bother with giving them money when one of the other larger automobile companies (Ford Motor Company) took it upon themselves to restructure and is paying aside their own debts little by little and is still moving alo ng to daytime. Along with the sale of completely of the stock came a lift on the freeze of upper management wages and incentives. This is just not right. I would like to lie in on what some of them make, and I am authoritative that I could live precise comfortably. let them come and live on my income and detect what they can do. I in reality have a line of work with breathing out oversea for production and I always will. It is probably my age and all of the trials and tribulations that I have lived through as well as what I have seen others live through. some slew were told that their jobs would be secure and since consequently widely distributed Motors has cut back on jobs here in the unite States.I wonder just how umteen people outside of this field have been given jobs that could have been here at home. I know that numerous companies take production overseas because they study that the costs for labor ar a lotlower. Well, that may be true but has anyone seen the active conditions of those people overseas. Are we really paying them what they should be getting? Lets take into good will all of the recalls that deviceetary Motors has made in the last few years. Way too many in my book. Why is there faulty material being used to manufacture a product that could good take the lives of many people. These products were made mostly overseas, I believe, and could lower wages be part of the problem of not noticing the faulty parts in the first place? By taking away incentives for prospective buyers, I believe, really hurt their business, but then I say, Why give an incentive and not just tame the price of the car in the first place? I know that consumers run across for incentives but I think that they would look just as hard if the price of the cars were lower too. Let us look at the strategy that General Motors is wanting to take. The strategy that I believe that they argon apply is a combination of three strategies.They atomic number 18 a s follows Defensive schema in that General Motors decided to cut back the number of makes of automobiles Cost-Leadership Strategy in that expenses needed to manufacture the cars are unploughed at a lower cost and carry oned at that lower cost and Differentiation Strategy in that they need to make a superior product for a vast number of people at a low cost. According to the plan General Motors is going to start make their automobiles using the same parts in the same set out plants and using the same kind of tools throughout. They are also cutting back on the number of models from 86 to 49. When it came to the cost-leadership strategy, I put the loss of incentives to customers in this category. I still do not understand why there are incentives when they could just reduce the price of the automobile or truck. I think that people would look more if the price were lower. The specialisation strategy they have cut back on the workforce but are still making the superior product for a vast audience. I realize that they need to watch their competitors closely, especially those overseas but they also need to take care of the people right here in the United States. General Motors has a vision to reduce costs and addition revenue through global gross revenue growth to a net profit of 10%. I think that they are asking for a lot out of the economy, as it is today As the plan states, Ford is farther ahead of General Motors and they made more of a profit per vehicle sold than General Motors.This was all done because ofgoing globally. The culture needs to change too and get away from focusing on selling the most cars and take care of the customers that they currently have and possibly will have in the future. Yes, sales are important, but they will come if their customer focus is there first. I think that the 10% increase in profits is a little out the park when you are just restructuring and trying to maintain your status. You will need to take smaller increases in p rofit for a few years and then the profits will increase as the years go by. When looking at SMART goals I find that General Motors set their goal of making more than $10 billion per year. This is a very challenging goal for a company that is just coming back from restructuring. This goal is very unique(predicate) but I do not believe that it is attainable with the economy that we have today. I know that they look at achieving this goal globally but they really need to concentrate right here in the United States. To be results-oriented they needed to decrease the number of types of cars they produce, reduce the number in their global workforce, (which they did), reduce the number of union workers here in the United States (which they did) and close down plants that were not up to par (which they did).Was this the right decision to make? Who knows for sure? The only thing that I can see is that they put a lot of people out of work. In looking at the Planning/ arrest Cycle, I see tha t General Motors followed it by making the plan, carrying out the plan, they looked at the results of the plan and they controlled the direction of the plan by making any corrections as they went along with the plan. Planning is very important in everything that you do. You must always follow through too and watch as the plan is being carried out and always have control of what is going on and make sure that you make any corrections as the plan goes on. If need be, go back to the beginning and start all over once again if the plan goes off track too far or if you have to make too many corrections. According to Mr. Akerson when asked about being back on top and the worlds largest auto maker his response was General Motors needs to focus on profits and margins and not necessarily try to convey numbers on the board. Maybe they need to go back and re-think their plan again and make sure they are staying on track as they proceed. In conclusion, I just want to add that I read two repo rts that just came out on CNN today. One concerned a former theater director for General Motors, Bill McAleer, who was in charge of the Global delivery system from 1988 to 1998 which wasused to access the woodland of cars before they were sent to various dealers.He said that the culture of General Motors was the main problem of the company where if there was a problem and you said anything that you could be fired and then on the other hand if you did not say anything, you still could be fired. What kind of culture is that? It is kind of twisted, if I must say. He said that he had sent a letter to the upper management about all of the defects that he had found and that they just ignored it. He also said that he never received a response in any way about the letter. He mentioned that in 1997 the focus for the company really changed and internally and that there were to be NO problems admitted to. How ridiculous is that. There is never a time during the day that a company does not ha ve some kind of problem. He went on to say Thats what happened with the ignition switch, people knew that there was a problem but problems were not acceptable. They just ignored it. Mr. McAleer was laid off in 2004 and filed suit against the company under the Whistleblower Law but he wooly-minded his suit. And what happened yesterday, June 27, 2014? General Motors recalled another 430,000 2013 and 2014 vehicles for various defects from windshield wiper assemblies on Caprice Police Cars, to transmission software, to refer shock absorbers, and to air bag problems.What is with this company? The article stated that since January, General Motors has recalled more than 20 million vehicles worldwide. If they knew about the ignition switch more than a decade ago and did nothing until this year, why are they still in business? Where are most of these defective parts coming from? I would speculate that you can see why I cannot be happy about this company. I have lived many years and have w orked in various occupations and have seen the defective merchandise come from out of the country and would just sit there and shake my head. Working in retail for over 20 years, I just would not put merchandise on the floor for customers to purchase if I found it to be defective. Did I get into trouble for it? Absolutely not We cared about our customers, why doesnt General Motors. Seems like all they are interested in is the almighty dollar.Ref CNN.comArticle by Patrick Sheridan, June 28, 2014 1224 pm ET Article by Patrick Sheridan, June 27, 2014 6564 pm ET

Discrimination Concerning African Americans Essay

Differences in race whiz to divergent levels of stintingal suppuration at heart the United States. Analysts often try to explain this phenomenon by spy a specific ethnic groups tradition and cultural ideology. Economists expand their depth psychology on the economic behaviors of African Americans by taking into consideration soulfulnessal histories and value systems of the group under study. American families measure economic status in terms of income, and factors associated with material security as a whole. These factors flannelthorn consist of health c argon, college funds, and retirement plans.However, African American families tuck in well behind when conceptualizing economic festering under these terms. The reason is due to numerous instances of discrimination that occur in the U. S. Many of Americas public policies aid in the underdevelopment of non- livid families. Increased economic development in spite of appearance America is the key to upward(a) political and s ocial mobility. If minorities be denied inevitable rights to equality, access to economic development becomes a highly herculean process. Despite Americas idealized view on equal opportunity, it is valid to accept that economic security has been limited on the basis of race.Therefore, it is strategic to investigate why pureness American families atomic get 18 economic altogethery recrudesce-off than non- egg innocence American families. whiz must(prenominal) take into account aspects of political participation, procreation, and the play of children a family has in the home in redact to understand this research question. Contemporary Viewpoints The omit of political participation of nonage groups is a prevalent issue inwardly the United States, explaining why non- discolor American families argon less economically developed when comp bed to white American families.According to Douglas S. Massey (1995), minority families increasingly speak languages and bear cultures quite assorted than the established norms within the U. S. regime. He has assemble that ethnic groups carry their customs into new generations, leading legion(predicate) non-white families to become displaced and impoverished. Brinck Kerr and Will Miller (1997) believe that it is necessary for non-white American families to participate in elections in order to obtain equal means that they be now lacking.They go on to say that political representation is the key to higher employment levels, and is a significant determinant to the minority sh ar of professional positions. William H. Frey (1996) finds that immigrants normally encounter highly stratified society characterized by high income inequality leaving little elbow room for upward mobility. In addition, Paula D. Mcklain (1990) assumes that non-white American families will stick around to reside in let out economic subcultures that are institutionally incomplete if they are represented at much lower ratios congenator to the world portions of whites.Susan Welch (1990) has put together that minority groups exact non even achieved half their population proportions in political elections. These numbers are even lower than what they were a decade ago. She states that other factors that lead to low political participation within minority groups is that a substantial number of non-white American families are not citizens, and therefore are not eligible to vote. Also, Massey has found that America enacts policies that hinder the socioeconomic status of immigrants for they are underrepresented at virtually all levels and institutions in United States government.Moreover, Friedberg and Hunt (1995) select found that non-white American families receive less benefits than white families because of geographic separatism within the community. The various dispersion of minority families in different low-income areas within the U. S. make believes it difficult for these families to be represented proportiona lly. Consequently, Rodney E. Hero and Caroline J. Tolbert (1995) believe minority families can now be easily manipulated by government because they are not equally accounted for.Therefore, non-white American families are not able to take reward of economically developed determinants such as health care and retirement funds. The inscription of the Statue of liberty expresses to the area to give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free. America continuously contradicts itself on the hardness of this concept due to the increasingly economic tension between Caucasian and non-white families. Friedberg and Hunt (1995) give the showcase of Proposition 187, which makes many non-white American families ineligible for certain services such as public health.Non-white American families are not given the opportunity to take advantage of benefactors the U. S. offers to white American families. Therefore, Non-white American families lack of political participatio n, and unequal representation in governmental institutions and legislative bodies, leads them to be less economically developed than white American families. Education is another obstacle to economic development that non-white families face. Education is a racy tool to economic security. However, Melissa Marschall (1997) has found that current policies demonstrate minorities have been denied equal access to education.She has found that assignment systems based on assessments of language deficiencies or other individual desires are apply to separate non-whites from whites. According to Jeffrey J. Mondack and Diana C. Mutz (1997), inequitable shoal financing is equally detrimental to non-white students. Funding for public schools comes from shoes taxes. They go along to say that predomintly non-white schools tend to be in central inner city school districts which have a smaller property tax base. In addition, the Office of Civil Rights has identified practices that are termed sec ond generation school discrimination.Practices such as ability grouping, suspensions, and trailing may turn up on the surface to be normal educational practices. When examining these components closer, Brick Kerr and Will Miller (1997) have found they have a negative impact on minority students. Ability grouping is a form of segregation that separates minority students from whites. They have found that before even attempting to teach non-white students, they are diagnosed with having linguistic or talented problems. The students are therefore required to take special and bilingual classes, making it difficult for them to succeed.According to Robert E. England (1986), non-white students are many times pulled out of regular classes and placed into bilingual classes only on the basis of ethnicity alternatively than their understanding of English. Brick and Miller go on to explain that suspensions are a second tactic utilise to encourage the failure of minority students in school. N on-white students are given more(prenominal) harsh disciplinary sentences than white students. Moreover, studies show that the ratio of minority students kicked out of school is disproportionately higher than whites, making the students more believably to drop out.Marschall has found that schools also advocate differences in ability grouping and discipline, leading to distinctions in tracking between non-whites and whites. The majority white students in high ability groups are often counseled to choose college preparatory tracks. However, minorities in low ability groups are counseled into vocational or general tracks, making them less probable to attend post-secondary education. Mondack and Mutz believe that the overall pattern of racial inequality the school system has created makes non-whites less credibly to receive a quality education than whites.This truth makes it difficult for economic development to occur within non-white American families. The number of children in a f amily lead to increased privation levels and low economic development within non-white American families. M. Klitsch (1990) has found that minority women have children at an extensively higher rate than that of white women. Also, he states that non-white women represent a small percentage of the population, however they account for a greater number of births.Alejandro Portes and Cynthia Truelove (1987) go on to say that non-white families are generally poorer than white families because of the higher number of children in the home. This leads them to be more likely to live below the poverty line. In addition, Genevieve M. Kenney and Nancy E. Reichman (1998) have found the population of non-whites increases faster than whites every year due to high birthrate rates. Similarly, the devil have found that fertility rates of non-whites families living in impoverished communities is almost double compared to white families.Klitsch has found that non-white families have an estimated 5. 5 people to a household, while white families only 3. 8. Therefore, these high rates lead to low socioeconomic status, and limited opportunities to increase economic security. According to Kenney and Reichman, the high fertility rates are due to low percentages of minorities who use contraceptives. They have also found that non-white women are less likely to have an abortion than white women. One might view this as a positive aspect.However, Portes and Truelove believe that one must take into account the over a quarter of minority families who have an income below the federal poverty line, which is almost one half greater than those of white families. Therefore, the high number of children within non-white American families make them more likely to experience economic deprivation than white American families. There has been an abundance of academic research previously conducted on the economic differences between white and non-white American families. They usually consist of entrop y sources such as the U. S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, and the U. S. bureau of the Census.The Foreign Born Population of the United States and statistical Reports are used with the previously listed sources to compare ethnic groups (Friedberg and Hunt, pg. 5). These databases yield cross-section(a) designs that develop into time serial reports in order to make assumptions on variables dealing with GNP and income, proving distinct differences in the races under study. For instance, researchers assume that white families are more economically developed than non-whites. This is because the average out white American family makes $44,000 a year, and the average non-white American family does not make half this amount (6-7).These figures are valid in drawing conclusions almost correlative relationships, satisfying important ideological factors necessary to study when dealing with the dependent variable of race. A more effective method of analysis was a study derived from interviews in a low income Los Angeles county. The participants were white and non-white females. The study was conducted between January 1984 and May 1985 (M. Kitsch, 136-137). In addition, the sample consisted of a three-stage cluster of census tracks, blocks, and household addresses.This cross-sectional design embodied research dealing with fertility rates of different races. The minority women proved to have higher fertility rates in low income sectors, leading Klitsch to question the different ways non-white American families conceptualize economic development. Non-white American families have to deal with numerous accounts of racial discrimination. It is difficult for a non-white American family to become economically stable in terms of income and security plans. The reason is due to being a minority in a predominately white America.Therefore, non-white American families are less economically developed than white American families because H1 non-white American families are les s likely to participate in elections than white American families. H2 non-white Americans are more likely to be discriminated against in school than white Americans. H3 the more children in a household, the more likely a family will be economically deprived. Implications and Conclusion Education, political participation, and the number of children a family has all alter the levels of economic development within the household for white American families.Even though education levels has a stronger affect toward higher levels of income, when the three variables are measured together, they are all highly statistically significant. In non-white American homes, education levels appears to be the key determinant of their economic status. Further test need to be measured in reference to how the number of children a family has and political participation affect the economic security of non-white American families. With this, the above hypotheses will prove to have more validity.However, in both cases it was important to measure education, the number of children a family has, and political participation together in order to understand the affect these variables have on each other, and how this affect leads to higher or lower levels of economic development within the family. These multivariate studies are also important in predicting the affect the self-sufficing variables will have on total family income in the future. It can be assumed that the highest year of school completed will continue to have a strong affect toward economic development in the future for both white and non-white American families.In addition, the number of children in a white American family and their political participation are significant variables to measure when determining their economic standpoint in future years to come. There are alternative approaches to identifying explanations to why non-white American families are less economically developed than white American families. One example is the difference in income between non-white and white American families who have single parents and ones that have two parents.Another alternative approach is identifying education as only an antecedent variable, and observing how it relates to occupation, the true independent variable under study. From here, one can observe how economic development is related to a persons occupation within the home. As anyone who walks the streets of Americas largest cities knows, there has been a profound translation of different ethnic cultures within the United States. The rapidity of the change has led to growing competition of economic development between white and non-white American families.This competition has lead to ethnic prejudice and discrimination as the United States continues to assimilate into the melting pot for the American dream. Political participation, education, and the number of children within the home are variables that allow the transition to become a less arduous proc ess for white American families. However, if non-white American families continue to do poorly in terms of economic development because of these variables, non-whites will continue to lag behind the income scale in comparison to whites. Research along these lines will lead to the study of relative differences between ethnic cultures.An example is the discovery of why almost half the number of minorities return to their state of origin after experiences of economic injustice. Previous research may also benefit other analysis in the field of economics by itemizing fertility rates in terms of the higher number of non-white American families who lack the finances to properly nourish their children. These new variables along with my research can in time become valid determinants in explaining why white American families are economically better off that non-white American families.

Influence of German Naval Policy, American Economic Interests

Assess the relative operate of three of the following in the American termination to declare warfarefare on Germany in 1917. German ocean policy, American sparing interests, and allied propaganda The American decision to declare war on Germany was influenced by some(prenominal) factors of varying degrees. To a great extent, the aggressive German maritime policy contri exclusivelyed to the involvework forcet of the United States in World state of war I. A secondary influence on this decision derived from U. S. economic interests abroad and on the homefront. A nonher influence leading to Americas entrance into war was the accustom of Allied propaganda.Therefore, the combination of German naval policy, American economic interests, and allied propaganda influenced to the American decision to declare war on Germany. The stimulus of the German naval policy was arguably the most impactful on the decision of the U. S. to declare war on Germany. though the U. S. had been established w ith achromaticity, American change with countries at war was unhindered. As the war progressed the Central power of Germany became depressed of resources due to a blockade of highly advanced fleet of war ships.U. S. became involved in a conflict when Germany menace our trade with Great Britain. Several German U-boats began sinking ships that were sailing for either the emigration of people or goods and arms. 1 Wilson viewed these actions as wanton acts, and after a get off the groundicular ship called the Lusitania was torpedoed by German U-Boats in 1915, the U. S. threatened to retaliate with military intervention against Germany. By this point the American population exhibited a growing resentment toward the German regime.Although the German government agreed first to restrict their torpedo state of war via the Arabic pledge by sending a warning before taking aggressive naval action, but later changed to a new restriction via the Sussex which restricted this warfare by targ eting scarce enemy military ships. Wilson, who strived for peace without victory, struggled morally beca physical exertion of the force that Germany employ against the U. S. Four days after Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, Wilson broke all diplomatic relations with Germany in 1917 which was his last attempt to achieve what his slogan for the 1916 alternative entitled He kept us out of the war. As well as being a profound advocate for lasting peace, Wilson also pursued his foreign policy of Moral Diplomacy with unabated hope and patience although this hope was never fulfilled. Though he possessed such versatility, the greater part of his moral struggle was the decision to declare war on Germany. A less powerful stock on the American decision to declare war on Germany was U. S. economic interests. The development that occurred from WWI was one of the greatest economic booms in the nations history. Because of the status of neutrality, the U.S. had the right to contin ue trade with belligerent countries, and since at that place was a need for its general use, metal was the most profitable trade with nations at war. Not only did this benefit the recipients economy, but the U. S. economy benefitted greatly from it as well. When the War Industries Board instigated the conterminous production ammunition and armor, businesses in industry welcomed the guaranteed business and carried out the request. Trade between the U. S. and Germany diminished to 90% because of extensive, supreme blockade of German ports.The supplies sent on ships such as the Lusitania were considered contraband which was illegal to trade to these countries in Europe at the time. This led not only to the sinking of many merchant ships but to the deeper resentment of Germany. This economic fueling of the England and France with huge amounts of arms, grain, cotton, and clothing brought the U. S. closer to the side of the Alliance in Europe. These countries looked to American bankers for loans in order to pay for American resources, and by 1917, loans to Allied governments exceeded $2 billion while German loans reached $27 million. Trade and loans brought the U.S. even closer to the Allied cause, and because of the extensive investments placed on these belligerent countries, the U. S. would do no good to remain neutral for as long as the war promoted a clear winner. Wilson often protested English naval policy that involved American goods and money, whereas Germanys submarine policy threatened American lives. Therefore, Wilsons strengthened resentment toward Germany was an ancillary influence leading to U. S. decision declaration of war on Germany. A minor influence on the U. S. decision to declare war on Germany was with the use of Allied propaganda.To utilize the concept of preparedness, the army was regulated by the Selective Service Act of 1917 in which the 2nd draft was formed with an age limit of 18-45 years. The results of the draft concluded with 24 mill ion registered men but only 3 million were drafted along with 2 million volunteers. This amount was achieved by the use of propaganda used to target the emotions of all who see it. Famous British war propaganda for draft recruiting aimed to invoke care and the desire for revenge on Germany which was depicted as a Hun, ape, or some killing machine.Collectively, the propaganda was used for nationalistic purposes which made the U. S. more in agreement that the war was and needed to happen however, the population did not how involved the U. S. would get in the war. World War I pulled the U. S. into the unrest of Europe by the ropes of several significant factors. The most instalual influence was the crisis with Germany and their dreaded U-boats which was a hindrance to U. S. keeping a neutral status and pursuing economic interests. Though this economic interest was of lesser influence than the German navy, the effect of propaganda on the U.S. decision about the war had even less power to influence this historical decision that changed the entire war up to its end. Trying to influence the Congress to pass the declaration of war, the multifaceted possibilities together with created far-reaching results that may have prevented Europe from its eventual end. 1 . The North Sea was declared a war zone and that any ship sailing one of the Allied Powers flag would be attacked by German navy.