PEST and SWOT Analysis of Tesco Plc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

PEST and SWOT Analysis of Tesco Plc - Case Study Example Recognizing that customer loyalty is not only cultivated through competitive pricing, Tesco also invests in training its employees and making them part of its success through the extension of high quality service together with their cheap products (Tesco-Counting on Customer Satisfaction n.d.). Looking at the value chain of Tesco, it can be seen that it is relatively more efficient in carrying out its outbound logistics, distribution, and customer service. Its efficiency in outbound logistics is justified by its mere scope and size. Tesco, as one of the world's largest retailer, is a very important customer to its supplier (Tesco Plc 2007). Thus, the company posses a high bargaining leverage, enabling it to get discounts which are not otherwise available to its smaller competitors. The company also enjoys economies of scale in distribution, advertising, administrative processes, and production. This enables Tesco to significantly reduce cost and generate high margins. As opposed to other players in the industry, Tesco's own brand is a source of large margins in its total revenue (Tesco Plc 2007). With this, it can be seen that the competitive advantage of Tesco is generated through its cost efficiency. The company uses its size and economies of scale throughout its value chain in order to significantly drive down its cost, allowing it to charge lower, if not the lowest price in the market (Tesco Plc 2007). However, the fact that the company does not just offer products at less than industry average prices but couples it with excellent service implies that it also takes effort in differentiating itself from its competitors. For Tesco, it is not just about the product but the shopping experience is also a key in cultivating customer patronage and loyalty. Through the value web analysis, it can be seen that the relationship of Tesco with its supplier and its customers are very much significant in the creation of a competitive advantage. Through the company's strategic alliance with its supplier, Tesco is able to bring down prices. On the other hand, the company's launching of the Loyalty Card allows it to know more about its customers for more specific target marketing. It becomes apparent that all these strategies are very much supportive of a cost advantage. Strategic advantage entails less procurement costs while target marketing becomes a key in cutting advertising costs (Tesco Plc 2007). 2. Macroenvironment PEST Analysis Political. In the political aspect, there has been a wide and rapid integration of economies into a global village through the creation of regional blocs and free trade zones like NAFTA and European Union. This change, which is largely brought about by the various policies put in place by the government authority facilitates the faster and easier influx of goods and services through the elimination of trade barriers and inflow of foreign direct investments through the increased capital mobility (Globalization: Threat or Opportunity 2007). Economic. The world has witnessed the rapid rise of traditionally developing economies like China, India, and Brazil. China, in particular has grown fastest among the different world economies in the last decade. This economic

Essay Topics For Great Gatsby College

Essay Topics For Great Gatsby CollegeIf you want to write an essay topic for Gatsby, you should choose one that is genuinely relevant to the novel. There are some problems with this approach. Most people try to fit all of their experiences into a single article. I recently saw this myself when I was trying to do it for my assignment at work.When I got home, I sat down and looked up several articles on essay topics for Gatsby and was pleasantly surprised to find that not a lot of them were too long or wordy. Most of them were actually short paragraphs. This got me thinking about why the writers did this in the first place.The problem with trying to do a theme based essay topics for Gatsby college is that it may sound like the essay is written by a 10-year-old. Maybe that is a good thing. After all, most 10-year-olds aren't going to write anything that is that long and wordy.Now, in my opinion, most teachers and students need to look into the subject matter of your essay topics for Gat sby and not focus so much on the essay as a whole. It is like you are writing about a scene from a movie. So you are free to include anything you want, just not the dialogue. Or else it would be almost impossible to get a college student to read your writing.While there are a few topics in the theme for Gatsby that really do have relevance to the story, most of the essay topics for Gatsby can easily be found on the internet for free. I know that because I wrote mine myself, with the same goal.But, I have to admit that a few ideas really do give Gatsby a greater meaning. My favorite is the use of quotes from key scenes, that also suggest specific historical events that are being portrayed in the novel. The more ideas that you use, the more it will tie into the plot and the character of the book.Don't forget to include the essay topics for Gatsby essay topics. This will help you capture the essence of the plot of the novel and you can use it for future assignments.

Alcohol Addicted Employees Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcohol Addicted Employees - Research Paper Example Employers need to take actions to deter alcohol consumption by employees ethically. Businesses should punish alcohol addict employees and treat them to the best of their capacity. Should the businesses punish alcohol addict employees and treating them? Alcohol is a very big problem of society in many countries across the world. While it is considered as one of the essentials for celebration, excessive consumption of alcohol leads to alcohol addiction. Alcohol addiction makes an individual unsuitable for work. Alcohol addicts experience mood swings and lose control of their mind. Overcome with the effects of alcohol, they say things to others that they do not really mean. They become violent in arguments and have a tendency to abuse people around them both verbally and physically. Owing to its negative sociological, psychological, and physical consequences as well as being a potential threat for businesses, alcohol addiction cannot be tolerated in the workplace, so employers should ta ke all possible measures to deter alcohol consumption among the employees. Businesses should punish alcohol addict employees because alcohol is not appropriate for the regulation of anger. Alcohol addicts lose their minds if they happen to indulge in an argument. While they deal with things on a personal level, unnecessary and out of place argument with a client or a customer is detrimental to the interests of the organization. Businesses should punish alcohol addicts because alcoholism makes an individual untrustworthy. Alcohol addicts follow the drive and mood created after consuming alcohol. For many alcohol addicts, dealing with alcohol and its consequences is a life-long process. Many alcohol addicts cannot help themselves and consume it knowing how bad it is for them at a range of levels. Alcohol addicts cannot be trusted. They can storm out of the office to get alcohol any time without caring about work. Alcohol happens to be the most beloved thing and the top-most priority i n the life of alcohol addicts. Work comes secondary which can be risky for the organization as a whole. Alcohol addicts can leave the whole team in the middle of a problem and back out from playing their role as expected by the rest of the team members. Owing to the display of such behavior, alcohol addicts are not trustworthy or reliable. Businesses should punish alcohol addict employees because this habit of these employees can incur the employers' cost. Depending upon which area the business is located in, employers are responsible for the wellbeing of their employees. Employers are required by the government to pay taxes and insurance premiums for their employees in certain areas. Alcohol addict employees have a tendency to incur the employers unnecessary and avoidable cost. Health insurance premiums for such employees are higher. They are likely to take more days off from work thus compromising upon work and productivity and incurring the employer its cost. Similarly, there are a number of other ways in which alcohol addict employees charge their employers with cost and inconvenience. Punishing alcohol addict employees is part of the way how business entrepreneurs and employers should deal with such employees; treating the alcohol addict employees is the other part. Alcoholism is treatable.  

Research Paper On Mass Incarceration Topics

Research Paper On Mass Incarceration TopicsWhen writing a research paper on mass incarceration topics, the first thing you should do is decide what you want to discuss. Do you want to focus on race? Do you want to focus on discrimination or social issues?Are you going to talk about institutional discrimination or do you want to talk about individual attitudes that contribute to the criminal justice system? Will you talk about racism or discrimination based on gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, class, and so on? These are all different types of methods that researchers use to make their findings stand out from others. Some research papers are done using only one method of analysis while others are done using many methods.The research papers are an important tool for policy makers, researchers, and educators to understand the specific topic in a more precise manner than the researchers can on their own. Research papers should be unique and informative, but they also shoul d include information that can be used by legislators and the general public.Another way that researchers do their research is by writing a bibliography. A bibliography is a list of names, institutions, books, and other resources that support the conclusions of the article. Bibliographies also give a more in-depth discussion of the topics.If you are writing a bibliography for a mass incarceration study, it is very important to include the names of the authors. By doing this, the readers can get an idea of who you are, which is crucial if you want to get funding. You also should include the institution where the research was conducted.As a last step in the bibliography, you should work on a thesis statement. This is used to add some context to the study that makes it stand out from other similar topics that may not have astrong topic.Writing a bibliography is one of the most important parts of the research paper. It makes the paper more interesting and allows you to find funding for your research.

Introducing College Papers on Mental Illness

Introducing College Papers on Mental Illness Even though a certain level of anxiety is acceptable, it's important to be aware of when it's going overboard. Mental illness, nevertheless, is a glaring problem which affects other nations, also. In reality, one particular half of all instances of lifetime mental illness begin by age 14. The issue of mental disorders is quite rampant and scary because only few folks can acknowledge they have an issue and can take time to find medical assistance. The stigma related to the disease was strong patients have locked away and weren't treated. Thousands of individuals are suffering with a physical illness daily, but there are methods to overcome a physical illness. Mental illness incorporates various varieties of mental behaviors that affect how an individual feels emotionally. The physical illness doesn't always occur first. Life experiences like stress or trauma together with substance abuse could also destabilise a person's mental wellbeing. The matter here is that mental health is a rather intricate issue and the fundamental issue is to find a better comprehension of the causes and progression of mental illness. Rather, it's an illness that could be fixed with medical attention. An illness of this type could have a man or woman displaying abnormal mental behavior, patterns and could have a type of mental disability. College Papers on Mental Illness - Dead or Alive? These statistics demonstrate an enormous problem accompanied by hardly any solutions. Your mental wellness provider may provide extra advice depending on the specifics of your circumstance. Mental health services have been an essential part of the U.S. medical care for several years. The Most Popular College Papers on Mental Illness Mental illness in college students is an issue that has to be treated, but because of limited resour ces, it's tough to pinpoint a precise solution. Applying to college can be a bewildering and intimidating process for everybody. Regardless of what class students are taking, a research paper on the subject of mental illness is a great subject to have a look at. Before you choose whether you'll disclose your history of mental health or disability, you ought to think about the total function of a university application. Students must actively see that it's OK to discuss mental wellness. They are more likely to seek help from their friends than adults, if they seek help at all. Regardless of the measure, they need to feel supported by the entire school community. College students are especially susceptible for a number of factors. College Papers on Mental Illness Can Be Fun for Everyone Several have tried to determine the factors for mental illnesses. It is extremely difficult to set the real number of patients with mental illness, as not all of these seek psychiatric assistance. There are hundreds and hundreds of kinds of mental illnesses. There are hundreds and hundreds of physical illnesses and they all are associated with the body. Everybody is different, therefore the symptoms might vary from person to person. When it has to do with mental health disorders, it's always preferable to determine and resolve the problem as early as possible. Deficiency of sleep affects your wellbeing and mood along with your safety. Try to remember, the use of a college essay isn't to be an autobiography. Discrimination is usually witnessed within the main care facilities, and shortage of adequate knowledge by practitioners affects patient's treatment procedure. Mental illness can compromise a parent's capability to take care of children and the way a parent interacts with her or his children. There are several mental health diagnoses and based on the particular diagnosis, will be contingent on the best kinds of support that are necessary for the person. Most Noticeable College Papers on Mental Illness Hiring someone to write a college essay is such an excellent means to acquire a great result when you speak about a perso nalized essay. Instead, the role of a college essay is to be part of a total advertising package. A subsequent blog will concentrate on the potential causes which are contributing to the sea change in mental well-being. Among the outstanding things about the area of Psychology is that it's always changing and adapting to the contemporary occasions and society.

Top Research Paper Topics 9th Grade Reviews!

Top Research Paper Topics 9th Grade Reviews! Brainstorming activities might provide help. One of the most difficult tasks for students is thinking up manageable and informative topics. If you're interested in your topic, learning about it is going to be more pleasurable and you'll write with increased passion, so select your topic thoughtfully. English language classes usually need a lot of writing. The Foolproof Research Paper Topics 9th Grade Strategy Locating a good topic is just one of the main steps when writing any sort of paper. By taking a look at a well-written case of research proposal paper, you will learn that topics which are too broad can be challenging to manage as you will probably have different, and frequently conflicting, ideas about how to tackle the issue. Once you've got a notion of what you wish to write about, ensure your topic is neither broad nor narrow. Now you have a notion about what a proposal essay is and the way to pick the ideal topic to c ompose your own essay, here are a few examples of proposal essay topics. With respect to experience, working with somebody who has worked on similar papers means they understand the requirements and rules. A complete case study may be the African-American civil rights movement. If you consider research for a search to answer a question, you are not only going to be more inclined to find more useful info, you'll also be not as likely to become overwhelmed by your search approach. You should also think about getting expert assistance if you lack the skills to investigate and formulate an informative and manageable topic by yourself. A paper is always simpler to write if you're interested in this issue, and you'll be more motivated to do in-depth research and compose a paper that truly covers the full subject. Argumentative essays are a structure and form of an essay that's supposed to argue a particular idea or concept that's then brought through a process which offers support and data that could enhance or take away from the view of the scenario. On the opposite edge, the research essay topic should be one which your readers will discover easy to comprehend. Also you may use the very best example of expository essay. Attempting to compose a research paper on a topic that doesn't have a lot of research on it's incredibly hard, so before you choose a topic, do a little bit of preliminary searching and be sure you are going to have all the info you have to compose your paper. Then discover more by checking out the on-line section of local and national newspapers where you are able to learn about crime or politics. Every American should learn how to speak English. You can both utilize personal experience and cover new nuances for you, depending on the research of different authors and drawing your own personal conclusions. If you select a topic that hasn't been featured in a hundred of other research papers, you're likely not just to score a great grade, but additionally to add a valuable slice of research to the area of science. You might consider history for a branch of study that falls away from the realm of social studies. Every American should learn how to speak Spanish. Not all research paper topics are made equal, and you would like to make certain you pick a wonderful topic before you commence writing. When you have selected your subject of research, develop background information about that topic to broaden your expertise and to get a better comprehension of information that may be added in your research. You've searched here and there to discover an acceptable topic for research but all your efforts have gone in vain. You need to try to choose a topic for your research subject in line with the instructions of your professor. Choosing topics for research papers can take some moment, and here are a couple of ways to help you select the one which is just perfect. Academic papers can't contain any signals of plagiarism. Research papers are intended to evaluate and assess the comprehension of students in some specific topics. Writing research papers is a wearying procedure, and even more so whenever you don't have a predetermined topic.

Foreign and Traditional Music Fused Together Essay Example for Free

Foreign and Traditional Music Fused Together Essay The United States is certainly one of the most diverse countries in the world from a cultural perspective. Capable of speaking 300 languages, the Native Americans were the early settlers of the American land. Hundred years after that, the Europeans, Africans, Asians and other ethnic race from across the globe arrived and settled in America. These migrations have contributed greatly to the patchwork of modern day American Society. Carrying not only their belonging and property, various cultures from around the world merge with one another through friendships and inter marriages of races. Through these racial interactions, various cultures took different shape and evolve into what we known today. To examine and describe them all would take years to accomplish and tedious since culture co exist with time, it evolve as time goes by. This paper would then focus on two dominant races and their respective cultures, namely, Hispanic and Caucasian. Since culture is a vast term to explore, this paper would then focus on the musical culture of Hispanic and Caucasian race. It would focus on how foreign cultures have influenced the growth and development of traditional music. Hispanic and Caucasian culture have influenced each other throughout history. It is often said that both cultures were the patchwork of different cultures put together during the colonial times. Hispanic culture basically speaks or pertains to a larger community that is comprised of different subgroups, such as Mexicans Americans, Cuban Americans and other races that originated from the Latin American continent. Caucasian or American culture is also a patchwork of different cultures originating from various parts of the world. This was brought by immense immigration during 17th up to 21st century and spread, through interactions with various races. This is the basic theme that these two cultures share together and its music, architecture and literature are deeply influenced by foreign culture. The land of America became a melting pot for these two cultures, a place for previous identities to be melted down together with other cultures to create an integrated, uniform society. Their culture was not forgotten; it was just shaped through the influence of foreign culture. E: Hispanic Culture Since the 17th century, Hispanic people have been living in the United States. Some of them were forced to come as slaves and those who could afford the expenses of immigration settled in the United States driven by the opportunity presented by the new found land. Though years have passed since the colonial times, most of them still cannot forget the trademarks of their former masters. Aside from their native language, most of them could speak the Spanish language and to some extent has been incorporated in their native language as well. Another characteristic of Hispanic culture that was influenced by the Spanish regime is the mestizo lifestyle (Gallarga, 2007). The term Mestizo describe Latin American whose lifestyle combine ideas, values, practices and other cultural elements both European and indigenous (rural and urban) of origin (Latin American Culture, 2008). Aspects of the mestizo lifestyle are widely diffused in the musical culture of Latin America. Violin, guitar and other stringed instruments are of mestizo origin (Garfias, 1996). Over time, these instruments were combined to those of traditional instruments being used by the people to create new ensemble types. Rural band from villages started to include playing the guitar, vilhuela, one or two violins and a harp. This kind of ensemble was an example of the changes that were brought by mestizo lifestyle. Additionally, hemiola, a common feature in Latin America music originated or a product of mestizo lifestyle (Mintzer, 2005). A hemiola is the simultaneous or sequential juxtaposition of duple and triple and rhythmic patterns with a moderate or quick 6/8 meter. This kind of rhythmic pattern is present in different musical performances of Mexicans, singers in Chile, and other Latin American performers (Mintzer, 2005). Not only in music does this mestizo trend is present but also in dances genres such as contra dance, waltz and the polka. March based music was widely diffused so as Catholics songs and processionals. Dance drama was another feature of the mestizo musical life. Being influence by 16th century missionaries, people in the rural and also in urban areas perform dance drama to honor individuals who are connected to local history, myth, legend and religious stories (Musical Migrations, 2002). Accompanied by local ensembles and dance genres, drama like this gave new kind of entertainment and meaning to rural town festivals throughout Latin American Aside from the Spanish Language, the musical style that was heavily influenced by the mestizo trend attributed greatly to the creation or identity of a Hispanic musical culture. Though different in use and meanings, Mexicans, Cubans, Chileans and other individual of Latin Americans origins, could understand each other through these customs. Moreover, this musical trend has become a tool of understanding and unification for these groups of people in a foreign land. Caucasian or American Culture Just like the musical lifestyle of the Hispanic, the performing arts in the United States began to incorporate wider groups of people (American Root Music, 2008). For instance, the Latin American dances such as tango from Argentina and rumba from Cuba during the 1900 and 1940. The afro-Cuban mambo was the first step in incorporating jazz music with Latin elements and was later on refined by the Brazilian bossa nova singers (Jones, 1999). There are also the African American communities who greatly contributed and refined jazz music. There are also innovative Americans who incorporated both foreign music and traditional American music to create unique music style. Aaron Copland, for example, developed a unique musical style through incorporating certain jazz elements with American folk music (Five 20th century American composers: 1900-2000, 2002). Influenced heavily by traditional Greek dances, Isadora Duncan redefined the rigidity of classical ballet and promoted self expression, resulting into an expressive and free form kind of dance (Marcus, 2007). These innovations and fusions probably lead to the creation of the Broadway musical. Unlike the Hispanic musical culture, American music was not the product of colonial times but was the result of immigration of various races in the United States. They brought their culture to this place without the intention of changing or creating music genre or style but to serve as a remembrance of their family and native land. It was for this sake that foreign musical style and other foreign cultures were introduced to American people. New musical genres and styles were a mere product of racial interactions. If clearly analyzed, this new musical genre or style removed boundaries and limitations imposed by racial differences. For instance, it is a well known fact that the African American community was discriminated and received less recognition from American society since their origin implied the idea of being a slave. However, when it comes to jazz music, contributions from performers like Billie Holiday, Miles Davis, Louis Armstrong and other African American jazz-blues singers were recognized and accepted by white and black audiences alike (Titon, 1995). Whether it was a European, American or other race, their performances were cheered and enjoyed by thousands of people. Through music, people forgot their differences and simply enjoyed the beat and melody produced by the performers in front of them. Performing arts in the United States representsed the acceptance not only of these people but also their culture. F: Similarities of Hispanic and Caucasian Culture Based on the facts presented thus far, it could be said that both cultures, when it comes to their musical trend and lifestyle were heavily influenced by foreign subjects. Hispanic music reached new heights during the Spanish rule. Elements of European and Spanish music were introduced to the traditional style of Mexican, Cuban and to the rest of Latin American. It gave new meaning to entertainment and performances reached greater heights. On the other hand, the Caucasian musical culture was refined through racial interaction that was the product of immense immigration that occurred during the 17th up to 20th century. Most traditional styles of music evolved and took greater form when they were incorporated with foreign elements (Titon, 1995). Another similarity that these two culture share in the music world is that their music were usually directed or composed for religious practices. In Hispanic culture, festivals were always accompanied by performances that always involved characters and values taken from religious stories. These performances were a direct influence of Spanish missionaries trying to convert local people. On the other hand, early religious sects in Native American such as the Ephrata, Cloister, the Shakers and the Moravians have produced music that somehow grow and influence other people outside their communities. One example of this was shaker melody entitled â€Å"Tis the gift to be simple† which was used by the composer Aaron Copland in one of his plays and which instantly became famous. The Moravians, who were considered as the most prolific and sophisticated when it comes into their music eventually helped in recreating instrumental music that was used in Old world German culture. Though it was quickly forgotten when the jazz and other musical trend came in during the early 1900’s, it proves that early music developed and was influenced by religion of early times (Jones, 1999). Difference between Hispanic and Caucasian music One significant difference between Hispanic and Caucasian music lies on the foreign influence that they received. Hispanic music was the result of long Spanish rule that they experience during the colonial times. A Hispanic performance was characterized by Spanish style of music and was later on refined through incorporating traditional and foreign music. It was only the Spaniards that introduced the European style of music to these people. On the other hand Caucasian music was the result of immense interactions of various races living in America. Some musical culture was able to make it way into the American society and was adhere by the people. There are other musical cultures that were adopted by American performers and incorporate them into their works that resulted in some unique and different kind of music style. Second difference that these two have lies on the venue of their performances. Most Hispanic performer took their shows on the street and urban areas. Performances on these places are always characterized by loud music and cheery audiences. Public performances were the product of festival shows that was always played during festivities and continued in big cities. As it develop Caucasian music reach greater heights in theatre or stage plays. Most broadways musical for an instance was perform on large theatre house and places commonly located on large cities like New York. Lastly, the difference of these two culture lies on how they perform their music. Hispanic based music is well known through their colorful sound that is always accompanied by different instruments. This kind of performance started in festivals and was later on carried through streets by artist who seeks fame and fortune. Caucasian on the other hand is mostly highlighted by the use of different genre of music and dance style to create one stage performance. Broadway musical for an instance used rock and roll genre to capture the heart of young audiences who have been introduced to this kind of music genre during their early years. Use in Classroom Education Using these similarities and differences, instructors could create a surrounding in which learning could be easy and comfortable both for Hispanic and Caucasian students. First, they could create music lessons that would break down cultural differences that exist not only Hispanics and Caucasians but also to other ethnic race. Second, it is possible that social relationship could foster and grow through incorporating music in their daily life. Lastly, through music, it is possible that children could recognize and acknowledge the importance of their cultural heritage. Children nowadays tend to forget their history and culture which is unfortunate. Personal and Professional Relevance Since culture is a vast topic to be covered, it was best that this paper concentrated on each culture’s music history. The first thing that needed to be researched was the influence of foreign music to Hispanic and Caucasian traditional music. The primary tool that was used to gather the necessary data was the Internet. Up-to-date articles and journals can be found in the internet and it saved substantial time researching using this rather than going to huge places such as the library. The books that were used for this paper were accessed through an online directory for textbooks. Since the paper was set to discuss foreign influence on traditional music of Hispanics and Caucasians, the research began through a search of sources that explained the influence of foreign interventions and immigration, since it will clearly show how the traditional music of each culture was changed and developed when foreign factors exerted their impact. The article â€Å"Latino music: A View of Its Diversity and Strength† by Dr. Garfias summarized the important facts about Hispanic music and provided a detailed explanation about the influence of Spanish rule in Hispanic countries. The book â€Å"Blues People: Negro Music in White America† by Titon gave a detailed explanation about the influence of African American music and how Jazz developed in the United States of America. Since this paper was set to discuss the influence of foreign music to Hispanic and Caucasian traditional music, sources that contained useful information were saved for the purpose. To be able to review them carefully, information that may be useful were highlighted and were noted down in a sheet of paper. For organizational ease, the information were outlined just like how the task was outlined. For teaching reference, this report has set a new meaning for being a teacher. The profession of teaching does not exclusively lie on the need to produce a lesson plan that would cater to the educational needs of the students. Being a teacher also means that one must some how create an atmosphere and environment that would enable the student to enjoy learning and would support the growth of social relationships. This realization was brought by the cultural differences that exist not only between Hispanic and Caucasian students but between other races. Cultural differences somehow impede the growth of education and social relationships of students if not managed systematically. Being able to manage cultural differences is also a way of promoting effective inclusion. Positive interactions among teachers, as well as students, contribute to a sense of school and classroom community. Inclusive schools seek to encourage collaboration among teachers for the purposes of planning, teaching, and supporting students. With adequate support, collaborative teaching leads to positive outcomes for learners in heterogeneously grouped classes (Cipani, 1995). Implementing effective teaching collaborations, however, is time-consuming and complex. Teachers often express concern about changes in their roles and responsibilities; differences in teaching style and philosophical orientation; and logistical issues, such as scheduling, planning time, and resource allocation. There are a number of school-wide strategies to support collaboration, including (a) developing and adopting a set of rules, responsibilities, and privileges pertaining to collaboration, (b) providing teachers with designated time for co-planning and reflection, and (c) offering preservice and inservice training in collaboration. In all of these collaborative efforts, understanding culture is a critical backdrop that the teacher must fully comprehend (Cipani, 1995). G:References American Root Music. Retrieved on May 2, 2008 from Public Broadcasting Services: http://www. pbs. org/americanrootsmusic/pbs_arm_itc_historical_background. html. Cipani, E. (1995). Inclusive education: What do we know and what do we still have to learn? Exceptional Children, 61, 498 – 500. Galarraga, J. (2007). Hispanic-American Culture and health. Retrieved May 2, 2008 on http://www. case. edu/med/epidbio/mphp439/Hispanic_Healthcare. pdf Garfias, Dr. R. (1996). Latino music: A View of Its Diversity and Strength. Retrieved May 3, 2008 on http://www. pps. k12. or. us/depts-c/mc-me/be-hi-mu. pdf. Five 20th century American composers: 1900-2000. Retrieved may 3, 2008 from Boisestates: http://music. boisestate. edu/mus100/american_music. htm Jones, L. (1999). Blues People: Negro Music in White America Latin American Culture. Retrieved May 2, 2008 from Ipedia: http://www. ipedia. net/information/Latin+American+culture. Marcus, K. (2007). Music and American Culture. Retrieved May 2, 2008 on http://www. blackwell-compass. com/media? id=pdfs_HICO_Sample_Article . Mintzer, R. (2005). Latino Americans in Sports, Film, Music, and Government: Trailblazers (Hispanic Heritage) Musical Migrations: Transnationalism and Cultural Hybridity in Latin America, Volume I. (2002) . Titon, J. T. (1995). Early Downhome Blues: A Musical and Cultural Analysis (Cultural Studies of the United States)